260 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
260 lines
4.6 KiB
Markdown
# Cast Advanced Usage
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Advanced cast commands for blockchain interaction, decoding, and analysis.
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## Transaction Decoding
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### Decode Transaction
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```bash
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# Decode transaction by hash
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cast decode-tx 0x1234... --rpc-url mainnet
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# Output includes:
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# - from, to, value
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# - function selector
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# - decoded calldata
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# - gas used
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```
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### 4byte Signature Lookup
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```bash
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# Get function name from selector
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cast 4byte 0xa9059cbb
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# transfer(address,uint256)
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# Get selector from signature
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cast sig "transfer(address,uint256)"
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# 0xa9059cbb
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# Decode calldata with known selector
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cast 4byte-decode 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000...
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```
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### Decode Calldata
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```bash
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# Decode with ABI
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cast calldata-decode "transfer(address,uint256)" 0xa9059cbb...
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# Output:
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# 0x1234... [address]
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# 1000000 [uint256]
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```
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## ABI Encoding/Decoding
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### Encode Function Call
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```bash
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# Encode calldata
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cast calldata "transfer(address,uint256)" 0x1234... 1000000
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# 0xa9059cbb000000000000000000000000...
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# Encode with complex types
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cast calldata "swap((address,uint256,bytes))" "(0x1234...,100,0x)"
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```
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### Encode Arguments
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```bash
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# ABI encode
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cast abi-encode "constructor(string,uint256)" "Token" 1000000
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# ABI encode packed
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cast abi-encode --packed "test(string)" "hello"
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```
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### Decode ABI Data
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```bash
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# Decode return data
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cast abi-decode "balanceOf(address)(uint256)" 0x00000000...
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# 1000000
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# Decode with multiple returns
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cast abi-decode "getReserves()(uint112,uint112,uint32)" 0x...
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```
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## Wallet Management
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### Create Wallet
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```bash
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# Generate new wallet
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cast wallet new
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# Generate with mnemonic
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cast wallet new-mnemonic
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# Derive from mnemonic
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cast wallet derive-private-key "word1 word2 ... word12"
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```
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### Wallet Info
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```bash
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# Get address from private key
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cast wallet address --private-key 0x...
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# Get address from mnemonic
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cast wallet address --mnemonic "word1 word2..."
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# Sign message
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cast wallet sign "message" --private-key 0x...
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```
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### Keystore
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```bash
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# Import to keystore
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cast wallet import my-wallet --private-key 0x...
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# List keystores
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cast wallet list
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# Use keystore
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cast send ... --account my-wallet
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```
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## Contract Interaction
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### Read Functions
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```bash
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# Call view function
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cast call $CONTRACT "balanceOf(address)" $USER --rpc-url mainnet
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# With block number
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cast call $CONTRACT "balanceOf(address)" $USER --block 18000000
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# Decode result
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cast call $CONTRACT "decimals()" | cast to-dec
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```
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### Write Functions
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```bash
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# Send transaction
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cast send $CONTRACT "transfer(address,uint256)" $TO $AMOUNT \
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--private-key $KEY \
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--rpc-url mainnet
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# With value
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cast send $CONTRACT "deposit()" --value 1ether --private-key $KEY
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# Estimate gas
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cast estimate $CONTRACT "transfer(address,uint256)" $TO $AMOUNT
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```
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## Storage Inspection
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```bash
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# Read storage slot
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cast storage $CONTRACT 0 --rpc-url mainnet
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# Read multiple slots
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for i in {0..10}; do
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echo "Slot $i: $(cast storage $CONTRACT $i)"
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done
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# Find storage slot for mapping
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cast index address $KEY 0 # mapping at slot 0
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```
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## Block & Transaction Info
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```bash
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# Get block
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cast block latest --rpc-url mainnet
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cast block 18000000 --field timestamp
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# Get transaction
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cast tx 0x1234... --rpc-url mainnet
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# Get receipt
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cast receipt 0x1234... --rpc-url mainnet
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# Get logs
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cast logs --from-block 18000000 --to-block 18000100 \
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--address $CONTRACT \
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--topic0 0xddf252ad... # Transfer event
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```
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## Type Conversions
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```bash
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# Hex to decimal
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cast to-dec 0x64
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# 100
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# Decimal to hex
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cast to-hex 100
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# 0x64
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# Wei conversions
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cast to-wei 1 ether
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# 1000000000000000000
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cast from-wei 1000000000000000000
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# 1.000000000000000000
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# ASCII/bytes conversions
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cast to-ascii 0x68656c6c6f
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# hello
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cast from-utf8 "hello"
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# 0x68656c6c6f
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```
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## Address Utilities
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```bash
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# Checksum address
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cast to-checksum-address 0x1234...
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# Compute CREATE address
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cast compute-address $DEPLOYER --nonce 5
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# Compute CREATE2 address
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cast create2 --starts-with 0x1234 --init-code 0x...
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```
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## ENS
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```bash
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# Resolve ENS name
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cast resolve-name vitalik.eth --rpc-url mainnet
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# Lookup address
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cast lookup-address 0xd8dA6BF26964aF9D7eEd9e03E53415D37aA96045
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```
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## Gas
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```bash
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# Get gas price
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cast gas-price --rpc-url mainnet
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# Get base fee
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cast base-fee --rpc-url mainnet
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# Estimate gas
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cast estimate $CONTRACT "transfer(address,uint256)" $TO $AMOUNT
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```
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## Batch Operations
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```bash
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# Multiple calls with bash
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for addr in $ADDR1 $ADDR2 $ADDR3; do
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echo "$addr: $(cast call $TOKEN 'balanceOf(address)' $addr | cast to-dec)"
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done
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# Using multicall3
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cast call 0xcA11bde05977b3631167028862bE2a173976CA11 \
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"aggregate((address,bytes)[])" \
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"[($TOKEN,$(cast calldata 'balanceOf(address)' $ADDR1)),...]"
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```
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