401 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
401 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
# SAP BTP Testing Reference
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## Overview
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Quality assurance requires comprehensive testing across multiple dimensions including UI, usability, performance, and unit testing.
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## Testing Strategy
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### Test Pyramid
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```
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/\
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/ \ E2E/UI Tests (few, slow)
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/----\
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/ \ Integration Tests (some)
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/--------\
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/ \ Unit Tests (many, fast)
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/------------\
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```
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### Benefits of Unit Testing
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- Detect issues fast
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- Better maintainable code
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- More understandable code
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- CI/CD integration
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- Regression prevention
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## CAP Testing
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### Jest Setup
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```javascript
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// package.json
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{
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"scripts": {
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"test": "jest",
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"test:watch": "jest --watch",
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"test:coverage": "jest --coverage"
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},
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"devDependencies": {
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"jest": "^29.0.0",
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"@sap/cds-dk": "^7.0.0"
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}
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}
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```
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### Unit Test Example
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```javascript
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// test/unit/catalog-service.test.js
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const cds = require('@sap/cds');
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describe('CatalogService', () => {
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let srv;
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beforeAll(async () => {
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srv = await cds.connect.to('CatalogService');
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});
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afterAll(async () => {
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await cds.disconnect();
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});
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describe('READ Books', () => {
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it('should return all books', async () => {
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const books = await srv.read('Books');
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expect(books).toBeDefined();
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expect(Array.isArray(books)).toBe(true);
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});
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it('should filter by title', async () => {
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const books = await srv.read('Books').where({ title: 'Test Book' });
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expect(books.length).toBeLessThanOrEqual(1);
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});
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});
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describe('CREATE Books', () => {
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it('should create a book', async () => {
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const book = await srv.create('Books', {
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title: 'New Book',
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stock: 10
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});
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expect(book.ID).toBeDefined();
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expect(book.title).toBe('New Book');
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});
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it('should reject invalid data', async () => {
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await expect(srv.create('Books', {}))
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.rejects.toThrow();
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});
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});
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});
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```
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### Integration Test Example
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```javascript
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// test/integration/api.test.js
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const cds = require('@sap/cds');
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const { GET, POST, PATCH, DELETE } = cds.test(__dirname + '/..');
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describe('API Integration', () => {
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it('GET /catalog/Books', async () => {
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const { status, data } = await GET('/catalog/Books');
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expect(status).toBe(200);
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expect(data.value).toBeDefined();
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});
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it('POST /catalog/Books', async () => {
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const { status, data } = await POST('/catalog/Books', {
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title: 'Test Book',
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stock: 5
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});
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expect(status).toBe(201);
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expect(data.ID).toBeDefined();
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});
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it('GET /catalog/Books/:id', async () => {
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const { data: created } = await POST('/catalog/Books', { title: 'Test' });
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const { status, data } = await GET(`/catalog/Books(${created.ID})`);
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expect(status).toBe(200);
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expect(data.title).toBe('Test');
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});
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});
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```
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## SAPUI5 Testing
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### QUnit Framework
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**Best Practice**: Write small, focused tests
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```javascript
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// webapp/test/unit/model/formatter.js
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sap.ui.define([
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"my/app/model/formatter"
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], function(formatter) {
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"use strict";
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QUnit.module("formatter");
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QUnit.test("formatStatus", function(assert) {
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assert.strictEqual(
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formatter.formatStatus("OPEN"),
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"Open",
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"Status formatted correctly"
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);
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});
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QUnit.test("formatDate", function(assert) {
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const date = new Date("2024-01-15");
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assert.strictEqual(
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formatter.formatDate(date),
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"Jan 15, 2024",
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"Date formatted correctly"
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);
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});
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});
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```
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### OPA5 Integration Tests
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```javascript
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// webapp/test/integration/pages/List.js
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sap.ui.define([
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"sap/ui/test/Opa5",
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"sap/ui/test/actions/Press"
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], function(Opa5, Press) {
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"use strict";
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Opa5.createPageObjects({
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onTheListPage: {
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actions: {
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iPressOnFirstItem: function() {
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return this.waitFor({
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controlType: "sap.m.ObjectListItem",
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success: function(aItems) {
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new Press().executeOn(aItems[0]);
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}
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});
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}
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},
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assertions: {
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iShouldSeeTheList: function() {
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return this.waitFor({
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id: "list",
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success: function() {
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Opa5.assert.ok(true, "List is visible");
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}
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});
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}
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}
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}
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});
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});
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```
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### OPA5 Journey
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```javascript
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// webapp/test/integration/AllJourneys.js
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sap.ui.define([
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"sap/ui/test/Opa5",
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"./pages/List",
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"./ListJourney"
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], function(Opa5) {
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"use strict";
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Opa5.extendConfig({
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viewNamespace: "my.app.view.",
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autoWait: true
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});
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});
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// webapp/test/integration/ListJourney.js
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sap.ui.define([
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"sap/ui/test/opaQunit"
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], function(opaTest) {
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"use strict";
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QUnit.module("List Journey");
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opaTest("Should see the list", function(Given, When, Then) {
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Given.iStartMyApp();
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Then.onTheListPage.iShouldSeeTheList();
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Given.iTeardownMyApp();
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});
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opaTest("Should navigate to detail", function(Given, When, Then) {
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Given.iStartMyApp();
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When.onTheListPage.iPressOnFirstItem();
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Then.onTheDetailPage.iShouldSeeTheDetail();
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Given.iTeardownMyApp();
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});
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});
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```
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## ABAP Testing
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### ABAP Unit
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```abap
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CLASS ltcl_travel DEFINITION FINAL FOR TESTING
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DURATION SHORT
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RISK LEVEL HARMLESS.
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PRIVATE SECTION.
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CLASS-DATA: mo_environment TYPE REF TO if_cds_test_environment.
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DATA: mo_cut TYPE REF TO zcl_travel_handler.
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CLASS-METHODS class_setup.
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CLASS-METHODS class_teardown.
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METHODS setup.
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METHODS test_validate_dates FOR TESTING.
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METHODS test_calculate_total FOR TESTING.
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ENDCLASS.
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CLASS ltcl_travel IMPLEMENTATION.
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METHOD class_setup.
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mo_environment = cl_cds_test_environment=>create(
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i_for_entity = 'ZI_TRAVEL'
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).
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ENDMETHOD.
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METHOD class_teardown.
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mo_environment->destroy( ).
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ENDMETHOD.
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METHOD setup.
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mo_environment->clear_doubles( ).
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mo_cut = NEW #( ).
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ENDMETHOD.
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METHOD test_validate_dates.
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" Given
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DATA(lv_begin) = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ).
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DATA(lv_end) = lv_begin + 7.
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" When
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DATA(lv_valid) = mo_cut->validate_dates(
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iv_begin = lv_begin
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iv_end = lv_end
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).
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" Then
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cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_true( lv_valid ).
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ENDMETHOD.
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METHOD test_calculate_total.
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" Given
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DATA(lv_booking_fee) = CONV decfloat16( '50.00' ).
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DATA(lv_price) = CONV decfloat16( '500.00' ).
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" When
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DATA(lv_total) = mo_cut->calculate_total(
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iv_booking_fee = lv_booking_fee
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iv_price = lv_price
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).
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" Then
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cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
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exp = '550.00'
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act = lv_total
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).
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ENDMETHOD.
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ENDCLASS.
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```
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### CDS Test Double Framework
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```abap
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" Create test doubles for CDS entities
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DATA(lo_env) = cl_cds_test_environment=>create(
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i_for_entity = 'ZI_TRAVEL'
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).
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" Insert test data
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DATA: lt_travel TYPE TABLE OF ztravel.
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lt_travel = VALUE #(
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( travel_uuid = cl_uuid_factory=>create_uuid_c32( )
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travel_id = '1'
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customer_id = 'CUST001'
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begin_date = '20240101'
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end_date = '20240108' )
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).
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lo_env->insert_test_data( lt_travel ).
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" Run tests...
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" Clear after tests
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lo_env->clear_doubles( ).
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```
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## Test Automation
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### CI/CD Integration
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```yaml
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# .pipeline/config.yml
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stages:
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Additional Unit Tests:
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npmExecuteScripts: true
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npmScripts:
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- test
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Integration Tests:
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npmExecuteScripts: true
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npmScripts:
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- test:integration
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UI Tests:
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karmaExecuteTests: true
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```
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### Code Coverage
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```javascript
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// jest.config.js
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module.exports = {
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collectCoverage: true,
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coverageThreshold: {
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global: {
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branches: 80,
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functions: 80,
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lines: 80,
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statements: 80
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}
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}
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};
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```
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## Best Practices
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### Unit Tests
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1. Test one thing at a time
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2. Use descriptive names
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3. Follow AAA pattern (Arrange, Act, Assert)
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4. Mock external dependencies
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5. Keep tests fast
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### Integration Tests
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1. Test real interactions
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2. Use test data that represents production
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3. Clean up after tests
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4. Test error paths
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### UI Tests
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1. Test user journeys
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2. Use page objects pattern
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3. Keep tests maintainable
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4. Test accessibility
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## Source Documentation
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- Testing: [https://github.com/SAP-docs/btp-developer-guide/blob/main/docs/performing-ui-usability-and-unit-tests-50a7c7d.md](https://github.com/SAP-docs/btp-developer-guide/blob/main/docs/performing-ui-usability-and-unit-tests-50a7c7d.md)
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- SAPUI5 Testing: [https://sapui5.hana.ondemand.com/#/topic/291c9121e6044ab381e0b51716f97f52](https://sapui5.hana.ondemand.com/#/topic/291c9121e6044ab381e0b51716f97f52)
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- CAP Testing: [https://cap.cloud.sap/docs/node.js/cds-test](https://cap.cloud.sap/docs/node.js/cds-test)
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