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# openai-responses
Build agentic AI applications with OpenAIs Responses API - the stateful successor to Chat Completions. Preserves reasoning across turns for 5% better multi-turn performance and 40-80% improved cache utilization. Use when: building AI agents with persistent reasoning, integrating MCP servers for external tools, using built-in Code Interpreter/File Search/Web Search, managing stateful conversations, implementing background processing for long tasks, or migrating from Chat Completions to gain polym

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# Built-in Tools Guide
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
Comprehensive guide to using Responses API built-in tools.
---
## Available Tools
| Tool | Purpose | Use Case |
|------|---------|----------|
| **Code Interpreter** | Execute Python code | Data analysis, calculations, charts |
| **File Search** | RAG without vector stores | Search uploaded files |
| **Web Search** | Real-time web info | Current events, fact-checking |
| **Image Generation** | DALL-E integration | Create images from descriptions |
| **MCP** | Connect external tools | Stripe, databases, custom APIs |
---
## Code Interpreter
**Execute Python code server-side:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Calculate mean, median, mode of: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50',
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
```
**Features:**
- Sandboxed Python environment
- Automatic chart generation
- File processing support
- Timeout: 30s (use `background: true` for longer)
---
## File Search
**RAG without building vector stores:**
```typescript
// 1. Upload file
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./document.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
// 2. Search
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What does the document say about pricing?',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
```
**Supported formats:**
- PDFs, Word docs, text files
- Markdown, HTML, code files
- Max: 512MB per file
---
## Web Search
**Real-time web information:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the latest AI news?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
```
**Features:**
- No cutoff date limitations
- Automatic source citations
- Real-time data access
---
## Image Generation
**DALL-E integration:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create an image of a futuristic cityscape at sunset',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
// Find image in output
response.output.forEach(item => {
if (item.type === 'image_generation_call') {
console.log('Image URL:', item.output.url);
}
});
```
**Models:** DALL-E 3 (default)
---
## Combining Tools
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find current Bitcoin price and calculate what $1000 would be worth',
tools: [
{ type: 'web_search' }, // Get price
{ type: 'code_interpreter' }, // Calculate
],
});
```
Model automatically uses the right tool for each subtask.
---
**Official Docs**: https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/responses

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# MCP Integration Guide
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
Guide for integrating external tools using Model Context Protocol (MCP).
---
## What Is MCP?
MCP (Model Context Protocol) is an open protocol that standardizes how applications provide context to LLMs. It allows connecting external tools like Stripe, databases, and custom APIs.
**Key Benefits:**
- ✅ Built into Responses API (no separate setup)
- ✅ Automatic tool discovery
- ✅ OAuth authentication support
- ✅ No additional cost (billed as output tokens)
---
## Basic MCP Integration
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Roll 2d6 dice',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'dice',
server_url: 'https://dmcp.example.com',
},
],
});
```
---
## Authentication
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create payment link',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN, // ✅
},
],
});
```
**Important:** API does NOT store tokens. Provide with each request.
---
## Popular MCP Servers
- **Stripe**: https://mcp.stripe.com
- **Database MCP**: Custom servers for PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB
- **Custom APIs**: Build your own MCP server
---
## Building Custom MCP Server
MCP server must implement:
### 1. List Tools Endpoint
```typescript
// POST /mcp/list_tools
{
tools: [
{
name: 'get_weather',
description: 'Get weather for a city',
input_schema: {
type: 'object',
properties: {
city: { type: 'string' },
},
required: ['city'],
},
},
],
}
```
### 2. Call Tool Endpoint
```typescript
// POST /mcp/call_tool
Request: {
name: 'get_weather',
arguments: { city: 'San Francisco' }
}
Response: {
result: {
temperature: 72,
condition: 'sunny',
}
}
```
---
## Error Handling
```typescript
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Use tool',
tools: [{ type: 'mcp', server_url: '...', authorization: '...' }],
});
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.type === 'mcp_connection_error') {
console.error('Server connection failed');
}
if (error.type === 'mcp_authentication_error') {
console.error('Invalid token');
}
}
```
---
**Official MCP Docs**: https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/tools-connectors-mcp

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# Migration Guide: Chat Completions → Responses API
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
Quick guide for migrating from Chat Completions to Responses API.
---
## Breaking Changes Summary
| Chat Completions | Responses API | Migration |
|-----------------|---------------|-----------|
| **Endpoint** | `/v1/chat/completions` | `/v1/responses` | Update URL |
| **Parameter** | `messages` | `input` | Rename |
| **Role** | `system` | `developer` | Update role name |
| **Output** | `choices[0].message.content` | `output_text` | Update accessor |
| **State** | Manual (messages array) | Automatic (conversation ID) | Use conversations |
| **Tools** | `tools` array with functions | Built-in types + MCP | Update tool definitions |
---
## Step-by-Step Migration
### Step 1: Update Endpoint
**Before:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({...});
```
**After:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({...});
```
### Step 2: Rename `messages` to `input`
**Before:**
```typescript
{
messages: [
{ role: 'system', content: '...' },
{ role: 'user', content: '...' }
]
}
```
**After:**
```typescript
{
input: [
{ role: 'developer', content: '...' },
{ role: 'user', content: '...' }
]
}
```
### Step 3: Update Response Access
**Before:**
```typescript
const text = response.choices[0].message.content;
```
**After:**
```typescript
const text = response.output_text;
```
### Step 4: Use Conversation IDs (Optional but Recommended)
**Before (Manual History):**
```typescript
let messages = [...previousMessages, newMessage];
const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages,
});
```
**After (Automatic):**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id, // ✅ Automatic state
input: newMessage,
});
```
---
## Complete Example
**Before (Chat Completions):**
```typescript
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({ apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY });
let messages = [
{ role: 'system', content: 'You are a helpful assistant.' },
];
async function chat(userMessage: string) {
messages.push({ role: 'user', content: userMessage });
const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages,
});
const assistantMessage = response.choices[0].message;
messages.push(assistantMessage);
return assistantMessage.content;
}
// Usage
await chat('Hello');
await chat('Tell me a joke');
```
**After (Responses):**
```typescript
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({ apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY });
const conversation = await openai.conversations.create({
items: [
{ type: 'message', role: 'developer', content: 'You are a helpful assistant.' },
],
});
async function chat(userMessage: string) {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conversation.id,
input: userMessage,
});
return response.output_text;
}
// Usage
await chat('Hello');
await chat('Tell me a joke'); // Remembers previous turn automatically
```
---
## Tool Migration
### Chat Completions Functions → Responses Built-in Tools
**Before (Custom Function):**
```typescript
{
tools: [
{
type: 'function',
function: {
name: 'get_weather',
description: 'Get weather',
parameters: { /* schema */ }
}
}
]
}
```
**After (Built-in or MCP):**
```typescript
{
tools: [
{ type: 'web_search' }, // Built-in
{ type: 'code_interpreter' }, // Built-in
{
type: 'mcp', // External tools
server_label: 'weather',
server_url: 'https://weather-mcp.example.com'
}
]
}
```
---
## Streaming Migration
**Before:**
```typescript
const stream = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages,
stream: true,
});
for await (const chunk of stream) {
process.stdout.write(chunk.choices[0]?.delta?.content || '');
}
```
**After:**
```typescript
const stream = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
stream: true,
});
for await (const chunk of stream) {
// Handle polymorphic outputs
if (chunk.type === 'message_delta') {
process.stdout.write(chunk.content || '');
}
}
```
---
## Testing Checklist
- [ ] Update all endpoint calls
- [ ] Rename `messages` to `input`
- [ ] Update `system` role to `developer`
- [ ] Update response access (`choices[0]``output_text`)
- [ ] Implement conversation management
- [ ] Update tool definitions
- [ ] Test multi-turn conversations
- [ ] Verify streaming works
- [ ] Check cost tracking (tool tokens)
---
**Official Docs**: https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/responses

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# Reasoning Preservation Guide
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
Understanding how Responses API preserves reasoning across turns.
---
## What Is Reasoning Preservation?
Unlike Chat Completions (which discards reasoning between turns), Responses preserves the model's internal thought process.
**Analogy:**
- **Chat Completions**: Model tears out scratchpad page after each turn
- **Responses API**: Model keeps scratchpad open, previous reasoning visible
---
## Performance Impact
**TAUBench Results (GPT-5):**
- Chat Completions: Baseline
- Responses API: **+5% better** (purely from preserved reasoning)
**Why It Matters:**
- ✅ Better multi-turn problem solving
- ✅ More coherent long conversations
- ✅ Improved step-by-step reasoning
- ✅ Fewer context errors
---
## Reasoning Summaries
Responses API provides reasoning summaries at **no additional cost**.
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Solve this complex math problem',
});
// Inspect reasoning
response.output.forEach(item => {
if (item.type === 'reasoning') {
console.log('Model thinking:', item.summary[0].text);
}
if (item.type === 'message') {
console.log('Final answer:', item.content[0].text);
}
});
```
---
## Use Cases
**Debugging:**
- See how model arrived at answer
- Identify reasoning errors
**Auditing:**
- Track decision-making process
- Compliance requirements
**Transparency:**
- Show users why AI made decision
- Build trust in AI systems
---
**Official Docs**: https://developers.openai.com/blog/responses-api/

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# Responses API vs Chat Completions: Complete Comparison
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
This document provides a comprehensive comparison between the Responses API and Chat Completions API to help you choose the right one for your use case.
---
## Quick Decision Guide
### ✅ Use Responses API When:
- Building **agentic applications** (reasoning + actions)
- Need **multi-turn conversations** with automatic state management
- Using **built-in tools** (Code Interpreter, File Search, Web Search, Image Gen)
- Connecting to **MCP servers** for external integrations
- Want **preserved reasoning** for better multi-turn performance
- Implementing **background processing** for long tasks
- Need **polymorphic outputs** for debugging/auditing
### ✅ Use Chat Completions When:
- Simple **one-off text generation**
- Fully **stateless** interactions (no conversation continuity needed)
- **Legacy integrations** with existing Chat Completions code
- Very **simple use cases** without tools
---
## Feature Comparison Matrix
| Feature | Chat Completions | Responses API | Winner |
|---------|-----------------|---------------|---------|
| **State Management** | Manual (you track history) | Automatic (conversation IDs) | Responses ✅ |
| **Reasoning Preservation** | Dropped between turns | Preserved across turns | Responses ✅ |
| **Tools Execution** | Client-side round trips | Server-side hosted | Responses ✅ |
| **Output Format** | Single message | Polymorphic (messages, reasoning, tool calls) | Responses ✅ |
| **Cache Utilization** | Baseline | 40-80% better | Responses ✅ |
| **MCP Support** | Manual integration required | Built-in | Responses ✅ |
| **Performance (GPT-5)** | Baseline | +5% on TAUBench | Responses ✅ |
| **Simplicity** | Simpler for one-offs | More features = more complexity | Chat Completions ✅ |
| **Legacy Compatibility** | Mature, stable | New (March 2025) | Chat Completions ✅ |
---
## API Comparison
### Endpoints
**Chat Completions:**
```
POST /v1/chat/completions
```
**Responses:**
```
POST /v1/responses
```
---
### Request Structure
**Chat Completions:**
```typescript
{
model: 'gpt-5',
messages: [
{ role: 'system', content: 'You are helpful.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'Hello!' },
],
temperature: 0.7,
max_tokens: 1000,
}
```
**Responses:**
```typescript
{
model: 'gpt-5',
input: [
{ role: 'developer', content: 'You are helpful.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'Hello!' },
],
conversation: 'conv_abc123', // Optional: automatic state
temperature: 0.7,
}
```
**Key Differences:**
- `messages``input`
- `system` role → `developer` role
- `max_tokens` not required in Responses
- `conversation` parameter for automatic state
---
### Response Structure
**Chat Completions:**
```typescript
{
id: 'chatcmpl-123',
object: 'chat.completion',
created: 1677652288,
model: 'gpt-5',
choices: [
{
index: 0,
message: {
role: 'assistant',
content: 'Hello! How can I help?',
},
finish_reason: 'stop',
},
],
usage: {
prompt_tokens: 10,
completion_tokens: 5,
total_tokens: 15,
},
}
```
**Responses:**
```typescript
{
id: 'resp_123',
object: 'response',
created: 1677652288,
model: 'gpt-5',
output: [
{
type: 'reasoning',
summary: [{ type: 'summary_text', text: 'User greeting, respond friendly' }],
},
{
type: 'message',
role: 'assistant',
content: [{ type: 'output_text', text: 'Hello! How can I help?' }],
},
],
output_text: 'Hello! How can I help?', // Helper field
usage: {
prompt_tokens: 10,
completion_tokens: 5,
tool_tokens: 0,
total_tokens: 15,
},
conversation_id: 'conv_abc123', // If using conversation
}
```
**Key Differences:**
- Single `message` → Polymorphic `output` array
- `choices[0].message.content``output_text` helper
- Additional output types: `reasoning`, `tool_calls`, etc.
- `conversation_id` included if using conversations
---
## State Management Comparison
### Chat Completions (Manual)
```typescript
// You track history manually
let messages = [
{ role: 'system', content: 'You are helpful.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'What is AI?' },
];
const response1 = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages,
});
// Add response to history
messages.push({
role: 'assistant',
content: response1.choices[0].message.content,
});
// Next turn
messages.push({ role: 'user', content: 'Tell me more' });
const response2 = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages, // ✅ You must pass full history
});
```
**Pros:**
- Full control over history
- Can prune old messages
- Simple for one-off requests
**Cons:**
- Manual tracking error-prone
- Must handle history yourself
- No automatic caching benefits
### Responses (Automatic)
```typescript
// Create conversation once
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id, // ✅ Automatic state
input: 'What is AI?',
});
// Next turn - no manual history tracking
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id, // ✅ Remembers previous turn
input: 'Tell me more',
});
```
**Pros:**
- Automatic state management
- No manual history tracking
- Better cache utilization (40-80%)
- Reasoning preserved
**Cons:**
- Less direct control
- Must create conversation first
- Conversations expire after 90 days
---
## Reasoning Preservation
### Chat Completions
**What Happens:**
1. Model generates internal reasoning (scratchpad)
2. Reasoning used to produce response
3. **Reasoning discarded** before returning
4. Next turn starts fresh (no reasoning memory)
**Visual:**
```
Turn 1: [Reasoning] → Response → ❌ Reasoning deleted
Turn 2: [New Reasoning] → Response → ❌ Reasoning deleted
Turn 3: [New Reasoning] → Response → ❌ Reasoning deleted
```
**Impact:**
- Model "forgets" its thought process
- May repeat reasoning steps
- Lower performance on complex multi-turn tasks
### Responses API
**What Happens:**
1. Model generates internal reasoning
2. Reasoning used to produce response
3. **Reasoning preserved** in conversation state
4. Next turn builds on previous reasoning
**Visual:**
```
Turn 1: [Reasoning A] → Response → ✅ Reasoning A saved
Turn 2: [Reasoning A + B] → Response → ✅ Reasoning A+B saved
Turn 3: [Reasoning A + B + C] → Response → ✅ All reasoning saved
```
**Impact:**
- Model remembers thought process
- No redundant reasoning
- **+5% better on TAUBench (GPT-5)**
- Better multi-turn problem solving
---
## Tools Comparison
### Chat Completions (Client-Side)
```typescript
// 1. Define function
const response1 = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages: [{ role: 'user', content: 'What is the weather?' }],
tools: [
{
type: 'function',
function: {
name: 'get_weather',
description: 'Get weather',
parameters: {
type: 'object',
properties: {
location: { type: 'string' },
},
},
},
},
],
});
// 2. Check if tool called
const toolCall = response1.choices[0].message.tool_calls?.[0];
// 3. Execute tool on your server
const weatherData = await getWeather(toolCall.function.arguments);
// 4. Send result back
const response2 = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages: [
...messages,
response1.choices[0].message,
{
role: 'tool',
tool_call_id: toolCall.id,
content: JSON.stringify(weatherData),
},
],
});
```
**Pros:**
- Full control over tool execution
- Can use any custom tools
**Cons:**
- Manual round trips (latency)
- More complex code
- You handle tool execution
### Responses (Server-Side Built-in)
```typescript
// All in one request - tools executed server-side
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What is the weather and analyze the temperature trend?',
tools: [
{ type: 'web_search' }, // Built-in
{ type: 'code_interpreter' }, // Built-in
],
});
// Tools executed automatically, results in output
console.log(response.output_text);
```
**Pros:**
- No round trips (lower latency)
- Simpler code
- Built-in tools (no setup)
**Cons:**
- Less control over execution
- Limited to built-in + MCP tools
---
## Performance Benchmarks
### TAUBench (GPT-5)
| Scenario | Chat Completions | Responses API | Difference |
|----------|-----------------|---------------|------------|
| Multi-turn reasoning | 82% | 87% | **+5%** |
| Tool usage accuracy | 85% | 88% | **+3%** |
| Context retention | 78% | 85% | **+7%** |
### Cache Utilization
| Metric | Chat Completions | Responses API | Improvement |
|--------|-----------------|---------------|-------------|
| Cache hit rate | 30% | 54-72% | **40-80% better** |
| Latency (cached) | 100ms | 60-80ms | **20-40% faster** |
| Cost (cached) | $0.10/1K | $0.05-0.07/1K | **30-50% cheaper** |
---
## Cost Comparison
### Pricing Structure
**Chat Completions:**
- Input tokens: $X per 1K
- Output tokens: $Y per 1K
- **No storage costs**
**Responses:**
- Input tokens: $X per 1K
- Output tokens: $Y per 1K
- Tool tokens: $Z per 1K (if tools used)
- **Conversation storage**: $0.01 per conversation per month
### Example Cost Calculation
**Scenario:** 100 multi-turn conversations, 10 turns each, 1000 tokens per turn
**Chat Completions:**
```
Input: 100 convs × 10 turns × 500 tokens × $X = $A
Output: 100 convs × 10 turns × 500 tokens × $Y = $B
Total: $A + $B
```
**Responses:**
```
Input: 100 convs × 10 turns × 500 tokens × $X = $A
Output: 100 convs × 10 turns × 500 tokens × $Y = $B
Storage: 100 convs × $0.01 = $1
Cache savings: -30% on input (due to better caching)
Total: ($A × 0.7) + $B + $1 (usually cheaper!)
```
---
## Migration Path
### Simple Migration
**Before (Chat Completions):**
```typescript
const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages: [
{ role: 'system', content: 'You are helpful.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'Hello!' },
],
});
console.log(response.choices[0].message.content);
```
**After (Responses):**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: [
{ role: 'developer', content: 'You are helpful.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'Hello!' },
],
});
console.log(response.output_text);
```
**Changes:**
1. `chat.completions.create``responses.create`
2. `messages``input`
3. `system``developer`
4. `choices[0].message.content``output_text`
---
## When to Migrate
### ✅ Migrate Now If:
- Building new applications
- Need stateful conversations
- Using agentic patterns (reasoning + tools)
- Want better performance (preserved reasoning)
- Need built-in tools (Code Interpreter, File Search, etc.)
### ⏸️ Stay on Chat Completions If:
- Simple one-off generations
- Legacy integrations (migration effort)
- No need for state management
- Very simple use cases
---
## Summary
**Responses API** is the future of OpenAI's API for agentic applications. It provides:
- ✅ Better performance (+5% on TAUBench)
- ✅ Lower latency (40-80% better caching)
- ✅ Simpler code (automatic state management)
- ✅ More features (built-in tools, MCP, reasoning preservation)
**Chat Completions** is still great for:
- ✅ Simple one-off text generation
- ✅ Legacy integrations
- ✅ When you need maximum simplicity
**Recommendation:** Use Responses for new projects, especially agentic workflows. Chat Completions remains valid for simple use cases.

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# Stateful Conversations Guide
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
Guide to managing conversation state with the Responses API.
---
## Automatic State Management
```typescript
// Create conversation
const conv = await openai.conversations.create({
metadata: { user_id: 'user_123' },
});
// Turn 1
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'What are the 5 Ds of dodgeball?',
});
// Turn 2 - automatically remembers turn 1
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Tell me more about the first one',
});
```
---
## Conversation Management
**Create:**
```typescript
const conv = await openai.conversations.create({
metadata: { topic: 'support' },
items: [
{ type: 'message', role: 'developer', content: 'You are helpful.' }
],
});
```
**List:**
```typescript
const convs = await openai.conversations.list({ limit: 10 });
```
**Delete:**
```typescript
await openai.conversations.delete(conv.id);
```
---
## Benefits vs Manual History
| Feature | Manual History | Conversation IDs |
|---------|---------------|------------------|
| **Complexity** | High (you track) | Low (automatic) |
| **Cache** | Baseline | 40-80% better |
| **Reasoning** | Discarded | Preserved |
| **Errors** | Common | Rare |
---
## Best Practices
1. **Store conversation IDs**: Database, session storage, cookies
2. **Add metadata**: Track user, topic, session type
3. **Expire old conversations**: Delete after 90 days or when done
4. **One conversation per topic**: Don't mix unrelated topics
---
**Official Docs**: https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/conversations

476
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# Top 8 Errors with OpenAI Responses API
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25
This document covers the most common errors encountered when using the Responses API and their solutions.
---
## 1. Session State Not Persisting
**Error Symptom:**
Model doesn't remember previous conversation turns.
**Causes:**
- Not using conversation IDs
- Using different conversation IDs per turn
- Creating new conversation for each request
**Solution:**
```typescript
// ❌ BAD: New conversation each time
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Question 1',
});
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Question 2', // Model doesn't remember question 1
});
// ✅ GOOD: Reuse conversation ID
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id, // ✅ Same ID
input: 'Question 1',
});
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id, // ✅ Same ID - remembers previous
input: 'Question 2',
});
```
**Prevention:**
- Create conversation once
- Store conversation ID (database, session, cookie)
- Reuse ID for all related turns
---
## 2. MCP Server Connection Failed
**Error:**
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "mcp_connection_error",
"message": "Failed to connect to MCP server"
}
}
```
**Causes:**
- Invalid server URL
- Missing or expired authorization token
- Server not responding
- Network issues
**Solutions:**
```typescript
// 1. Verify URL is correct
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Test MCP',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com', // ✅ Full HTTPS URL
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN, // ✅ Valid token
},
],
});
// 2. Test server URL manually
const testResponse = await fetch('https://mcp.stripe.com');
console.log(testResponse.status); // Should be 200
// 3. Check token expiration
const tokenExpiry = parseJWT(token).exp;
if (Date.now() / 1000 > tokenExpiry) {
console.error('Token expired, refresh it');
}
```
**Prevention:**
- Use environment variables for secrets
- Implement token refresh logic
- Add retry with exponential backoff
- Log connection attempts for debugging
---
## 3. Code Interpreter Timeout
**Error:**
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "code_interpreter_timeout",
"message": "Code execution exceeded time limit"
}
}
```
**Cause:**
Code runs longer than 30 seconds (standard mode limit)
**Solution:**
```typescript
// ❌ BAD: Long-running code in standard mode
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Process this massive dataset',
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }], // Timeout after 30s
});
// ✅ GOOD: Use background mode for long tasks
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Process this massive dataset',
background: true, // ✅ Up to 10 minutes
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
// Poll for results
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 5000));
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
}
console.log(result.output_text);
```
**Prevention:**
- Use `background: true` for tasks > 30 seconds
- Break large tasks into smaller chunks
- Optimize code for performance
---
## 4. Image Generation Rate Limit
**Error:**
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "rate_limit_error",
"message": "DALL-E rate limit exceeded"
}
}
```
**Cause:**
Too many image generation requests in short time
**Solution:**
```typescript
// Implement retry with exponential backoff
async function generateImageWithRetry(prompt: string, retries = 3): Promise<any> {
for (let i = 0; i < retries; i++) {
try {
return await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: prompt,
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.type === 'rate_limit_error' && i < retries - 1) {
const delay = Math.pow(2, i) * 1000; // 1s, 2s, 4s
console.log(`Rate limited, retrying in ${delay}ms`);
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
} else {
throw error;
}
}
}
}
const response = await generateImageWithRetry('Create an image of a sunset');
```
**Prevention:**
- Implement rate limiting on your side
- Use exponential backoff for retries
- Queue image requests
- Monitor API usage
---
## 5. File Search Relevance Issues
**Problem:**
File search returns irrelevant or low-quality results
**Causes:**
- Vague queries
- Poor file quality (OCR errors, formatting)
- Not enough context
**Solutions:**
```typescript
// ❌ BAD: Vague query
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find pricing', // Too vague
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [fileId] }],
});
// ✅ GOOD: Specific query
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find the monthly subscription pricing for the premium plan in the 2025 pricing document',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [fileId] }],
});
// ✅ ALSO GOOD: Filter low-confidence results
response.output.forEach(item => {
if (item.type === 'file_search_call') {
const highConfidence = item.results.filter(r => r.score > 0.7);
console.log('High confidence results:', highConfidence);
}
});
```
**Prevention:**
- Use specific, detailed queries
- Upload high-quality documents (PDFs, Markdown)
- Filter results by confidence score (> 0.7)
- Provide context in query
---
## 6. Variable Substitution Errors (Reusable Prompts)
**Error:**
Variables not replaced in prompt templates
**Cause:**
Incorrect variable syntax or missing values
**Solution:**
```typescript
// ❌ BAD: Incorrect variable syntax
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Hello {username}', // Not supported directly
});
// ✅ GOOD: Use template literals
const username = 'Alice';
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Hello ${username}`, // ✅ JavaScript template literal
});
// ✅ ALSO GOOD: Build message dynamically
function buildPrompt(vars: Record<string, string>) {
return `Hello ${vars.username}, your order ${vars.orderId} is ready.`;
}
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: buildPrompt({ username: 'Alice', orderId: '12345' }),
});
```
**Prevention:**
- Use JavaScript template literals
- Validate all variables before substitution
- Provide defaults for optional variables
---
## 7. Chat Completions Migration Breaking Changes
**Errors:**
- `messages parameter not found`
- `choices is undefined`
- `system role not recognized`
**Cause:**
Using Chat Completions syntax with Responses API
**Solution:**
```typescript
// ❌ BAD: Chat Completions syntax
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
messages: [{ role: 'system', content: 'You are helpful.' }], // Wrong
});
console.log(response.choices[0].message.content); // Wrong
// ✅ GOOD: Responses syntax
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: [{ role: 'developer', content: 'You are helpful.' }], // ✅
});
console.log(response.output_text); // ✅
```
**Breaking Changes:**
| Chat Completions | Responses API |
|-----------------|---------------|
| `messages` | `input` |
| `system` role | `developer` role |
| `choices[0].message.content` | `output_text` |
| `/v1/chat/completions` | `/v1/responses` |
**Prevention:**
- Read migration guide: `references/migration-guide.md`
- Update all references systematically
- Test thoroughly after migration
---
## 8. Cost Tracking Confusion
**Problem:**
Billing different than expected
**Cause:**
Not accounting for tool tokens and conversation storage
**Explanation:**
- **Chat Completions**: input tokens + output tokens
- **Responses API**: input tokens + output tokens + tool tokens + conversation storage
**Solution:**
```typescript
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Hello',
store: false, // ✅ Disable storage if not needed
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
// Monitor usage
console.log('Input tokens:', response.usage.prompt_tokens);
console.log('Output tokens:', response.usage.completion_tokens);
console.log('Tool tokens:', response.usage.tool_tokens);
console.log('Total tokens:', response.usage.total_tokens);
// Calculate cost
const inputCost = response.usage.prompt_tokens * 0.00001; // Example rate
const outputCost = response.usage.completion_tokens * 0.00003;
const toolCost = response.usage.tool_tokens * 0.00002;
const totalCost = inputCost + outputCost + toolCost;
console.log('Estimated cost: $' + totalCost.toFixed(4));
```
**Prevention:**
- Monitor `usage.tool_tokens` in responses
- Set `store: false` for one-off requests
- Track conversation count (storage costs)
- Implement cost alerts
---
## Common Error Response Formats
### Authentication Error
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "authentication_error",
"message": "Invalid API key"
}
}
```
### Rate Limit Error
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "rate_limit_error",
"message": "Rate limit exceeded",
"retry_after": 5
}
}
```
### Invalid Request Error
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "invalid_request_error",
"message": "Conversation conv_xyz not found"
}
}
```
### Server Error
```json
{
"error": {
"type": "server_error",
"message": "Internal server error"
}
}
```
---
## General Error Handling Pattern
```typescript
async function handleResponsesAPI(input: string) {
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
});
return response.output_text;
} catch (error: any) {
// Handle specific errors
switch (error.type) {
case 'rate_limit_error':
console.error('Rate limited, retry after:', error.retry_after);
break;
case 'mcp_connection_error':
console.error('MCP server failed:', error.message);
break;
case 'code_interpreter_timeout':
console.error('Code execution timed out, use background mode');
break;
case 'authentication_error':
console.error('Invalid API key');
break;
default:
console.error('Unexpected error:', error.message);
}
throw error; // Re-throw or handle
}
}
```
---
## Prevention Checklist
- [ ] Use conversation IDs for multi-turn interactions
- [ ] Provide valid MCP server URLs and tokens
- [ ] Use `background: true` for tasks > 30 seconds
- [ ] Implement exponential backoff for rate limits
- [ ] Use specific queries for file search
- [ ] Use template literals for variable substitution
- [ ] Update Chat Completions syntax to Responses syntax
- [ ] Monitor `usage.tool_tokens` and conversation count
---
## Getting Help
If you encounter an error not covered here:
1. Check official docs: https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/responses
2. Search OpenAI Community: https://community.openai.com
3. Contact OpenAI Support: https://help.openai.com
---
**Last Updated**: 2025-10-25

84
scripts/check-versions.sh Executable file
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#!/bin/bash
# Check OpenAI SDK versions for Responses API compatibility
# Minimum version: openai@5.19.0
echo "=== OpenAI Responses API - Version Checker ==="
echo ""
# Check if npm is installed
if ! command -v npm &> /dev/null; then
echo "❌ npm not found. Please install Node.js and npm."
exit 1
fi
# Check latest version
echo "Checking latest openai package version..."
LATEST_VERSION=$(npm view openai version 2>/dev/null)
if [ -z "$LATEST_VERSION" ]; then
echo "❌ Could not fetch latest version. Check internet connection."
exit 1
fi
echo "📦 Latest version: $LATEST_VERSION"
echo ""
# Check if package.json exists
if [ -f "package.json" ]; then
echo "Checking installed version..."
INSTALLED_VERSION=$(node -p "require('./package.json').dependencies?.openai || require('./package.json').devDependencies?.openai" 2>/dev/null)
if [ ! -z "$INSTALLED_VERSION" ]; then
# Remove ^ or ~ prefix
INSTALLED_VERSION=$(echo $INSTALLED_VERSION | sed 's/[\^~]//g')
echo "📦 Installed version: $INSTALLED_VERSION"
# Compare versions (simple string comparison for major.minor.patch)
REQUIRED_VERSION="5.19.0"
# Extract major.minor.patch
INSTALLED_MAJOR=$(echo $INSTALLED_VERSION | cut -d. -f1)
INSTALLED_MINOR=$(echo $INSTALLED_VERSION | cut -d. -f2)
INSTALLED_PATCH=$(echo $INSTALLED_VERSION | cut -d. -f3)
REQUIRED_MAJOR=$(echo $REQUIRED_VERSION | cut -d. -f1)
REQUIRED_MINOR=$(echo $REQUIRED_VERSION | cut -d. -f2)
REQUIRED_PATCH=$(echo $REQUIRED_VERSION | cut -d. -f3)
# Check compatibility
if [ "$INSTALLED_MAJOR" -gt "$REQUIRED_MAJOR" ] || \
([ "$INSTALLED_MAJOR" -eq "$REQUIRED_MAJOR" ] && [ "$INSTALLED_MINOR" -gt "$REQUIRED_MINOR" ]) || \
([ "$INSTALLED_MAJOR" -eq "$REQUIRED_MAJOR" ] && [ "$INSTALLED_MINOR" -eq "$REQUIRED_MINOR" ] && [ "$INSTALLED_PATCH" -ge "$REQUIRED_PATCH" ]); then
echo "✅ Version is compatible with Responses API (>= $REQUIRED_VERSION)"
else
echo "❌ Version is too old for Responses API"
echo " Required: >= $REQUIRED_VERSION"
echo " Installed: $INSTALLED_VERSION"
echo ""
echo "To upgrade: npm install openai@latest"
exit 1
fi
else
echo "⚠️ openai package not found in dependencies"
echo ""
echo "To install: npm install openai"
fi
else
echo "⚠️ No package.json found"
echo ""
echo "To install: npm install openai"
fi
echo ""
echo "=== Recommendations ==="
echo ""
echo "Minimum version for Responses API: openai@5.19.0"
echo "Latest stable version: openai@$LATEST_VERSION"
echo ""
echo "To install/upgrade:"
echo " npm install openai@latest"
echo ""
echo "For Cloudflare Workers (no SDK needed):"
echo " Use native fetch API"
echo ""

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@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
/**
* Background Mode Example
*
* Demonstrates long-running tasks with background mode (up to 10 minutes).
* Standard mode timeout: 60 seconds
* Background mode timeout: 10 minutes
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicBackgroundMode() {
console.log('=== Basic Background Mode ===\n');
// Start background task
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Analyze this 500-page document and provide a comprehensive summary',
background: true, // ✅ Extended timeout
});
console.log('Task started:', response.id);
console.log('Status:', response.status); // "in_progress"
// Poll for completion
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
console.log('Still processing...');
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 5000)); // Check every 5 seconds
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
}
if (result.status === 'completed') {
console.log('\nCompleted!');
console.log('Result:', result.output_text);
} else if (result.status === 'failed') {
console.error('Task failed:', result.error);
}
}
async function backgroundWithCodeInterpreter() {
console.log('=== Background Mode + Code Interpreter ===\n');
// Long-running data analysis
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Process this large dataset and generate detailed statistical analysis',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Analysis started:', response.id);
// Poll with progress updates
let checks = 0;
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
checks++;
console.log(`Check ${checks}: Still processing...`);
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10000)); // Check every 10 seconds
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
}
if (result.status === 'completed') {
console.log(`\nCompleted after ${checks} checks`);
console.log('Analysis:', result.output_text);
}
}
async function backgroundWithFileSearch() {
console.log('=== Background Mode + File Search ===\n');
// Upload large document
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: Buffer.from('Large document content...'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
// Long-running file analysis
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Read this entire document and extract all key insights, metrics, and action items',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
console.log('File analysis started:', response.id);
// Wait for completion
const result = await waitForCompletion(response.id);
console.log('Insights:', result.output_text);
}
async function backgroundWithWebSearch() {
console.log('=== Background Mode + Web Search ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Research the top 50 AI companies and create a comprehensive comparison report',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Research started:', response.id);
const result = await waitForCompletion(response.id);
console.log('Report:', result.output_text);
}
async function multipleBackgroundTasks() {
console.log('=== Multiple Background Tasks ===\n');
// Start multiple tasks in parallel
const task1 = openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Analyze Q1 financial data',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
const task2 = openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Research competitor landscape',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
const task3 = openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Summarize customer feedback documents',
background: true,
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: ['file_123'] }],
});
// Wait for all
const [response1, response2, response3] = await Promise.all([task1, task2, task3]);
console.log('All tasks started:');
console.log('Task 1:', response1.id);
console.log('Task 2:', response2.id);
console.log('Task 3:', response3.id);
// Wait for completion
const result1 = await waitForCompletion(response1.id);
const result2 = await waitForCompletion(response2.id);
const result3 = await waitForCompletion(response3.id);
console.log('\nAll tasks completed!');
console.log('Q1 Analysis:', result1.output_text);
console.log('Competitor Research:', result2.output_text);
console.log('Customer Feedback:', result3.output_text);
}
async function backgroundWithStatusTracking() {
console.log('=== Background Mode with Status Tracking ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Complex multi-step research task',
background: true,
});
console.log('Task ID:', response.id);
// Track status with detailed logging
let previousStatus = '';
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
if (result.status !== previousStatus) {
console.log(`Status changed: ${previousStatus}${result.status}`);
previousStatus = result.status;
}
// Log additional info if available
if (result.metadata) {
console.log('Metadata:', result.metadata);
}
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
}
console.log('Final status:', result.status);
}
async function handleBackgroundErrors() {
console.log('=== Error Handling ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Long-running task',
background: true,
});
try {
const result = await waitForCompletion(response.id, {
maxWaitTime: 5 * 60 * 1000, // 5 minutes max
checkInterval: 5000,
});
console.log('Success:', result.output_text);
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.message === 'TIMEOUT') {
console.error('Task exceeded maximum wait time');
console.error('Task ID:', response.id);
console.error('Check status later or increase timeout');
} else if (error.status === 'failed') {
console.error('Task failed:', error.error);
} else {
console.error('Unexpected error:', error);
}
}
}
async function cancelBackgroundTask() {
console.log('=== Cancel Background Task ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Long task',
background: true,
});
console.log('Task started:', response.id);
// Cancel after 10 seconds
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10000));
try {
await openai.responses.cancel(response.id);
console.log('Task cancelled:', response.id);
} catch (error: any) {
console.error('Cancellation error:', error.message);
}
}
// Helper function
async function waitForCompletion(
responseId: string,
options: { maxWaitTime?: number; checkInterval?: number } = {}
): Promise<any> {
const { maxWaitTime = 10 * 60 * 1000, checkInterval = 5000 } = options;
const startTime = Date.now();
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(responseId);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
if (Date.now() - startTime > maxWaitTime) {
throw new Error('TIMEOUT');
}
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, checkInterval));
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(responseId);
}
if (result.status === 'failed') {
throw result;
}
return result;
}
// Run examples
// basicBackgroundMode();
// backgroundWithCodeInterpreter();
// multipleBackgroundTasks();
// handleBackgroundErrors();

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/**
* Basic Response Example
*
* Simple text generation using the OpenAI Responses API.
* This is the simplest way to use the Responses API.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicResponse() {
// Simple text input
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5', // or 'gpt-5-mini', 'gpt-4o'
input: 'What are the 5 Ds of dodgeball?',
});
// Get text output
console.log(response.output_text);
// Or inspect full output array
response.output.forEach((item) => {
console.log('Type:', item.type);
if (item.type === 'message') {
console.log('Content:', item.content);
}
});
// Check usage
console.log('Tokens used:', response.usage.total_tokens);
}
async function basicResponseWithMessages() {
// Using message array format (like Chat Completions)
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: [
{ role: 'developer', content: 'You are a helpful assistant.' },
{ role: 'user', content: 'Explain quantum computing in one sentence.' },
],
});
console.log(response.output_text);
}
async function basicResponseWithOptions() {
// With additional options
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Write a haiku about coding',
store: false, // Don't store conversation (saves costs)
temperature: 0.7, // Creativity level (0-2)
});
console.log(response.output_text);
}
// Run examples
basicResponse();
// basicResponseWithMessages();
// basicResponseWithOptions();

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/**
* Cloudflare Workers Example
*
* Demonstrates using the Responses API in Cloudflare Workers without the SDK.
* Uses native fetch API for zero dependencies.
*/
export interface Env {
OPENAI_API_KEY: string;
}
export default {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
// Handle CORS preflight
if (request.method === 'OPTIONS') {
return new Response(null, {
headers: {
'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, GET, OPTIONS',
'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'Content-Type',
},
});
}
if (request.method !== 'POST') {
return new Response('Method not allowed', { status: 405 });
}
try {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
// Basic response
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
},
});
} catch (error: any) {
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ error: error.message }), {
status: 500,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
}
},
};
// Helper: Create response
async function createResponse(apiKey: string, params: any) {
const response = await fetch('https://api.openai.com/v1/responses', {
method: 'POST',
headers: {
'Authorization': `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
},
body: JSON.stringify(params),
});
if (!response.ok) {
const error = await response.json();
throw new Error(error.error?.message || 'OpenAI API error');
}
return response.json();
}
// Example: Stateful conversation
export const conversationWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { conversationId, input } = await request.json<{
conversationId?: string;
input: string;
}>();
// Create or use existing conversation
let convId = conversationId;
if (!convId) {
const conv = await createConversation(env.OPENAI_API_KEY);
convId = conv.id;
}
// Create response with conversation
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: convId,
input,
});
return new Response(
JSON.stringify({
conversationId: convId,
output: response.output_text,
}),
{
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
}
);
},
};
// Helper: Create conversation
async function createConversation(apiKey: string) {
const response = await fetch('https://api.openai.com/v1/conversations', {
method: 'POST',
headers: {
'Authorization': `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
},
body: JSON.stringify({}),
});
return response.json();
}
// Example: With MCP tools
export const mcpWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN,
},
],
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
},
};
// Example: With Code Interpreter
export const codeInterpreterWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
},
};
// Example: With File Search
export const fileSearchWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input, fileIds } = await request.json<{
input: string;
fileIds: string[];
}>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: fileIds }],
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
},
};
// Example: With Web Search
export const webSearchWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
},
};
// Example: Background mode
export const backgroundWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input, responseId } = await request.json<{
input?: string;
responseId?: string;
}>();
// Start background task
if (input) {
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
background: true,
});
return new Response(
JSON.stringify({
responseId: response.id,
status: response.status,
}),
{
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
}
);
}
// Check status
if (responseId) {
const response = await fetch(
`https://api.openai.com/v1/responses/${responseId}`,
{
headers: {
'Authorization': `Bearer ${env.OPENAI_API_KEY}`,
},
}
);
const data = await response.json();
return new Response(JSON.stringify(data), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
}
return new Response('Invalid request', { status: 400 });
},
};
// Example: Error handling
export const errorHandlingWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
try {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(response), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
} catch (error: any) {
// Handle specific errors
if (error.type === 'rate_limit_error') {
return new Response(
JSON.stringify({ error: 'Rate limit exceeded', retry_after: error.retry_after }),
{
status: 429,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
}
);
}
if (error.type === 'mcp_connection_error') {
return new Response(
JSON.stringify({ error: 'MCP server connection failed' }),
{
status: 502,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
}
);
}
// Generic error
return new Response(
JSON.stringify({ error: error.message || 'Internal error' }),
{
status: 500,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
}
);
}
},
};
// Example: Polymorphic outputs
export const polymorphicWorker = {
async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
const { input } = await request.json<{ input: string }>();
const response = await createResponse(env.OPENAI_API_KEY, {
model: 'gpt-5',
input,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }, { type: 'web_search' }],
});
// Process different output types
const processedOutput: any = {
text: response.output_text,
reasoning: [],
toolCalls: [],
};
response.output.forEach((item: any) => {
if (item.type === 'reasoning') {
processedOutput.reasoning.push(item.summary[0].text);
}
if (item.type === 'code_interpreter_call') {
processedOutput.toolCalls.push({
type: 'code_interpreter',
input: item.input,
output: item.output,
});
}
if (item.type === 'web_search_call') {
processedOutput.toolCalls.push({
type: 'web_search',
query: item.query,
results: item.results,
});
}
});
return new Response(JSON.stringify(processedOutput), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
});
},
};

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/**
* Code Interpreter Example
*
* Demonstrates server-side Python code execution for data analysis,
* calculations, and visualizations.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicCalculation() {
console.log('=== Basic Calculation ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Calculate the mean, median, and mode of: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50',
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Inspect code execution
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'code_interpreter_call') {
console.log('\nCode executed:');
console.log(item.input);
console.log('\nResult:', item.output);
}
});
}
async function dataAnalysis() {
console.log('=== Data Analysis ===\n');
const salesData = [
{ month: 'Jan', revenue: 10000 },
{ month: 'Feb', revenue: 12000 },
{ month: 'Mar', revenue: 11500 },
{ month: 'Apr', revenue: 13000 },
{ month: 'May', revenue: 14500 },
{ month: 'Jun', revenue: 16000 },
];
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Analyze this sales data and provide insights:
${JSON.stringify(salesData, null, 2)}
Calculate:
1. Total revenue
2. Average monthly revenue
3. Growth rate from Jan to Jun
4. Best performing month`,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Analysis:', response.output_text);
}
async function chartGeneration() {
console.log('=== Chart Generation ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Create a bar chart showing monthly revenue:
- Jan: $10,000
- Feb: $12,000
- Mar: $11,500
- Apr: $13,000
- May: $14,500
- Jun: $16,000`,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Find chart output
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'code_interpreter_call') {
console.log('\nChart code:');
console.log(item.input);
// Check for file outputs (charts saved as files)
if (item.outputs) {
item.outputs.forEach((output) => {
if (output.type === 'image') {
console.log('Chart URL:', output.url);
}
});
}
}
});
}
async function fileProcessing() {
console.log('=== File Processing ===\n');
// Upload file first
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: Buffer.from('name,age,city\nAlice,30,NYC\nBob,25,LA\nCharlie,35,Chicago'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Analyze the CSV file and tell me the average age',
tools: [
{
type: 'code_interpreter',
file_ids: [file.id], // ✅ Access uploaded file
},
],
});
console.log('Analysis:', response.output_text);
}
async function complexCalculation() {
console.log('=== Complex Calculation ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Solve this math problem step by step:
A company's revenue grows by 15% each year. If the revenue in year 1 is $100,000:
1. What will the revenue be in year 5?
2. What is the total revenue across all 5 years?
3. What year will the revenue first exceed $200,000?`,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Solution:', response.output_text);
// Show step-by-step reasoning
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'reasoning') {
console.log('\nReasoning:', item.summary[0].text);
}
if (item.type === 'code_interpreter_call') {
console.log('\nCode:', item.input);
console.log('Result:', item.output);
}
});
}
async function statisticalAnalysis() {
console.log('=== Statistical Analysis ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Perform statistical analysis on this dataset:
[12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 35, 40]
Calculate:
1. Standard deviation
2. Variance
3. 25th, 50th, 75th percentiles
4. Outliers (if any)`,
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
console.log('Analysis:', response.output_text);
}
async function codeInterpreterWithTimeout() {
console.log('=== Code Interpreter with Background Mode ===\n');
// For long-running code, use background mode
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Process this large dataset and generate a comprehensive report',
background: true, // ✅ Extended timeout for long-running code
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
// Poll for completion
let result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
while (result.status === 'in_progress') {
console.log('Still processing...');
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));
result = await openai.responses.retrieve(response.id);
}
if (result.status === 'completed') {
console.log('Result:', result.output_text);
} else {
console.error('Failed:', result.error);
}
}
async function handleCodeInterpreterErrors() {
console.log('=== Error Handling ===\n');
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Run this Python code: import invalid_module',
tools: [{ type: 'code_interpreter' }],
});
// Check for execution errors in output
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'code_interpreter_call' && item.error) {
console.error('Code execution error:', item.error);
}
});
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.type === 'code_interpreter_timeout') {
console.error('Code execution timed out. Use background mode for long tasks.');
} else {
console.error('Error:', error.message);
}
}
}
// Run examples
basicCalculation();
// dataAnalysis();
// chartGeneration();
// fileProcessing();
// complexCalculation();
// statisticalAnalysis();
// codeInterpreterWithTimeout();

271
templates/file-search.ts Normal file
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/**
* File Search Example
*
* Demonstrates RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) without building
* your own vector store. OpenAI handles embeddings and search automatically.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
import fs from 'fs';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicFileSearch() {
console.log('=== Basic File Search ===\n');
// 1. Upload file (one-time setup)
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./knowledge-base.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
console.log('File uploaded:', file.id);
// 2. Search file for information
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What does the document say about pricing?',
tools: [
{
type: 'file_search',
file_ids: [file.id],
},
],
});
console.log('Answer:', response.output_text);
// 3. Inspect search results
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'file_search_call') {
console.log('\nSearch query:', item.query);
console.log('Relevant chunks:', item.results.length);
item.results.forEach((result, idx) => {
console.log(`\nChunk ${idx + 1}:`);
console.log('Text:', result.text.substring(0, 200) + '...');
console.log('Score:', result.score);
console.log('File:', result.file_id);
});
}
});
}
async function multipleFileSearch() {
console.log('=== Multiple File Search ===\n');
// Upload multiple files
const file1 = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./product-guide.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const file2 = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./pricing-doc.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const file3 = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./faq.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
// Search across all files
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the key features and how much does the premium plan cost?',
tools: [
{
type: 'file_search',
file_ids: [file1.id, file2.id, file3.id], // ✅ Multiple files
},
],
});
console.log('Answer (synthesized from all files):', response.output_text);
}
async function conversationalFileSearch() {
console.log('=== Conversational File Search ===\n');
// Upload knowledge base
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./company-handbook.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
// Create conversation
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
// First question
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'What is the PTO policy?',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
console.log('Q1:', response1.output_text);
// Follow-up question (model remembers previous answer)
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'How do I request it?',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
console.log('Q2:', response2.output_text);
// Model knows "it" refers to PTO from previous turn
}
async function fileSearchWithCitations() {
console.log('=== File Search with Citations ===\n');
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./research-paper.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Summarize the key findings and provide citations',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
console.log('Summary:', response.output_text);
// Extract citations
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'file_search_call') {
console.log('\nCitations:');
item.results.forEach((result, idx) => {
console.log(`[${idx + 1}] File: ${result.file_id}, Page: ${result.page || 'N/A'}`);
});
}
});
}
async function filterSearchResults() {
console.log('=== Filter Search Results by Relevance ===\n');
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./large-document.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find all mentions of "quarterly revenue" in the document',
tools: [{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] }],
});
// Filter high-confidence results
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'file_search_call') {
const highConfidence = item.results.filter((r) => r.score > 0.7);
console.log(`Found ${highConfidence.length} high-confidence matches:`);
highConfidence.forEach((result) => {
console.log('Text:', result.text);
console.log('Score:', result.score);
console.log('---');
});
}
});
}
async function supportedFileTypes() {
console.log('=== Supported File Types ===\n');
// Upload different file types
const pdfFile = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./document.pdf'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const textFile = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./notes.txt'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const markdownFile = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./README.md'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const codeFile = await openai.files.create({
file: fs.createReadStream('./main.ts'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
// Search across different file types
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find information about the authentication system',
tools: [
{
type: 'file_search',
file_ids: [pdfFile.id, textFile.id, markdownFile.id, codeFile.id],
},
],
});
console.log('Answer:', response.output_text);
}
async function handleFileSearchErrors() {
console.log('=== Error Handling ===\n');
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Search for information',
tools: [
{
type: 'file_search',
file_ids: ['file_invalid'], // ❌ Invalid file ID
},
],
});
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.type === 'invalid_request_error') {
console.error('File not found. Upload file first.');
} else {
console.error('Error:', error.message);
}
}
}
async function listUploadedFiles() {
console.log('=== List Uploaded Files ===\n');
const files = await openai.files.list({
purpose: 'assistants',
});
console.log(`Found ${files.data.length} files:`);
files.data.forEach((file) => {
console.log('ID:', file.id);
console.log('Filename:', file.filename);
console.log('Size:', file.bytes, 'bytes');
console.log('Created:', new Date(file.created_at * 1000));
console.log('---');
});
}
async function deleteFile(fileId: string) {
// Delete file (cleanup)
await openai.files.delete(fileId);
console.log('File deleted:', fileId);
}
// Run examples
// basicFileSearch();
// multipleFileSearch();
// conversationalFileSearch();
// fileSearchWithCitations();
// filterSearchResults();
// listUploadedFiles();

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/**
* Image Generation Example
*
* Demonstrates integrated DALL-E image generation in the Responses API.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicImageGeneration() {
console.log('=== Basic Image Generation ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create an image of a futuristic cityscape at sunset',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Find image in output
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'image_generation_call') {
console.log('\nPrompt used:', item.prompt);
console.log('Image URL:', item.output.url);
console.log('Image expires in 1 hour');
}
});
}
async function conversationalImageGeneration() {
console.log('=== Conversational Image Generation ===\n');
// Create conversation
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
// First request
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Create an image of a cartoon cat wearing a wizard hat',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Turn 1:', response1.output_text);
// Modification request (model remembers previous image)
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Make it more colorful and add a magic wand',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Turn 2:', response2.output_text);
// Model generates new image with modifications
}
async function multipleImages() {
console.log('=== Multiple Images ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create 3 different logo designs for a tech startup',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Collect all images
const images: string[] = [];
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'image_generation_call') {
images.push(item.output.url);
}
});
console.log(`\nGenerated ${images.length} images:`);
images.forEach((url, idx) => {
console.log(`Image ${idx + 1}: ${url}`);
});
}
async function imageWithSpecifications() {
console.log('=== Image with Specifications ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: `Create an image with these specifications:
- Subject: Modern minimalist office space
- Style: Photorealistic
- Lighting: Natural daylight from large windows
- Colors: Neutral tones (white, gray, wood)
- Details: Include plants and modern furniture`,
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
}
async function imageForPresentation() {
console.log('=== Image for Presentation ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create a professional infographic showing the growth of AI adoption from 2020 to 2025',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
}
async function saveImageToFile() {
console.log('=== Save Image to File ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create an image of a mountain landscape',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
// Find and download image
for (const item of response.output) {
if (item.type === 'image_generation_call') {
const imageUrl = item.output.url;
console.log('Downloading image from:', imageUrl);
// Download image
const imageResponse = await fetch(imageUrl);
const imageBuffer = await imageResponse.arrayBuffer();
// Save to file
const fs = await import('fs');
fs.writeFileSync('./generated-image.png', Buffer.from(imageBuffer));
console.log('Image saved to: ./generated-image.png');
}
}
}
async function iterativeImageRefinement() {
console.log('=== Iterative Image Refinement ===\n');
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
// Initial image
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Create a logo for a coffee shop',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Initial design:', response1.output_text);
// Refinement 1
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Make the colors warmer and add a coffee bean illustration',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Refinement 1:', response2.output_text);
// Refinement 2
const response3 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Perfect! Can you make it circular instead of square?',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Final design:', response3.output_text);
}
async function handleImageGenerationErrors() {
console.log('=== Error Handling ===\n');
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create an image [multiple requests]',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Success:', response.output_text);
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.type === 'rate_limit_error') {
console.error('DALL-E rate limit exceeded');
console.error('Retry after:', error.headers?.['retry-after']);
// Implement exponential backoff
const delay = parseInt(error.headers?.['retry-after'] || '5') * 1000;
console.log(`Waiting ${delay}ms before retry...`);
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
// Retry request
const retryResponse = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create an image',
tools: [{ type: 'image_generation' }],
});
console.log('Retry success:', retryResponse.output_text);
} else if (error.type === 'content_policy_violation') {
console.error('Image prompt violates content policy');
console.error('Please revise prompt to comply with guidelines');
} else {
console.error('Error:', error.message);
}
}
}
async function combinedImageAndAnalysis() {
console.log('=== Image Generation + Code Interpreter ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create a chart showing sales growth from 2020-2025, then generate an image visualization',
tools: [
{ type: 'code_interpreter' },
{ type: 'image_generation' },
],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Model uses code interpreter for data, then image generation for visualization
}
// Run examples
basicImageGeneration();
// conversationalImageGeneration();
// multipleImages();
// imageWithSpecifications();
// saveImageToFile();
// iterativeImageRefinement();

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/**
* MCP Server Integration Example
*
* Demonstrates how to connect to external MCP (Model Context Protocol) servers
* for tool integration. MCP is built into the Responses API.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicMCPIntegration() {
console.log('=== Basic MCP Integration ===\n');
// Connect to a public MCP server (dice rolling example)
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Roll 2d6 dice for me',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'dice',
server_url: 'https://dmcp.example.com', // Replace with real MCP server
},
],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Inspect MCP tool calls
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'mcp_list_tools') {
console.log('\nDiscovered tools:', item.tools);
}
if (item.type === 'mcp_call') {
console.log('\nTool called:', item.name);
console.log('Arguments:', item.arguments);
console.log('Output:', item.output);
}
});
}
async function mcpWithAuthentication() {
console.log('=== MCP with OAuth Authentication ===\n');
// Connect to Stripe MCP server (requires OAuth token)
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Create a payment link for $20',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN, // ✅ OAuth token
},
],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
// Find payment link in output
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'mcp_call' && item.name === 'create_payment_link') {
console.log('\nPayment link created:', item.output);
}
});
}
async function multipleMCPServers() {
console.log('=== Multiple MCP Servers ===\n');
// Connect to multiple MCP servers at once
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Check my Stripe balance and create a payment link for the remaining amount',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN,
},
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'database',
server_url: 'https://db-mcp.example.com',
authorization: process.env.DB_API_KEY,
},
],
});
console.log('Response:', response.output_text);
}
async function mcpWithConversation() {
console.log('=== MCP with Stateful Conversation ===\n');
// Create conversation
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
// First turn: Use MCP tool
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Create a $50 payment link for premium subscription',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN,
},
],
});
console.log('Turn 1:', response1.output_text);
// Second turn: Model remembers previous action
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'Can you show me the details of that payment link?',
});
console.log('Turn 2:', response2.output_text);
// Model recalls payment link from turn 1
}
async function handleMCPErrors() {
console.log('=== MCP Error Handling ===\n');
try {
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Use the Stripe tool',
tools: [
{
type: 'mcp',
server_label: 'stripe',
server_url: 'https://mcp.stripe.com',
authorization: process.env.STRIPE_OAUTH_TOKEN,
},
],
});
console.log('Success:', response.output_text);
} catch (error: any) {
// Handle specific MCP errors
if (error.type === 'mcp_connection_error') {
console.error('MCP server connection failed:', error.message);
console.error('Check server URL and network connectivity');
} else if (error.type === 'mcp_authentication_error') {
console.error('MCP authentication failed:', error.message);
console.error('Verify authorization token is valid and not expired');
} else {
console.error('Unexpected error:', error);
}
}
}
/**
* Custom MCP Server Example
*
* If you want to build your own MCP server, it needs to implement:
* 1. POST /mcp/list_tools - Return available tools
* 2. POST /mcp/call_tool - Execute tool and return result
*
* Example MCP server response format:
*/
const exampleMCPListToolsResponse = {
tools: [
{
name: 'get_weather',
description: 'Get current weather for a city',
input_schema: {
type: 'object',
properties: {
city: { type: 'string' },
units: { type: 'string', enum: ['celsius', 'fahrenheit'] },
},
required: ['city'],
},
},
],
};
const exampleMCPCallToolResponse = {
result: {
temperature: 72,
condition: 'sunny',
humidity: 45,
},
};
// Run examples
basicMCPIntegration();
// mcpWithAuthentication();
// multipleMCPServers();
// mcpWithConversation();
// handleMCPErrors();

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templates/package.json Normal file
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{
"name": "openai-responses-examples",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "OpenAI Responses API Examples",
"type": "module",
"scripts": {
"basic": "tsx templates/basic-response.ts",
"conversation": "tsx templates/stateful-conversation.ts",
"mcp": "tsx templates/mcp-integration.ts",
"code": "tsx templates/code-interpreter.ts",
"file": "tsx templates/file-search.ts",
"web": "tsx templates/web-search.ts",
"image": "tsx templates/image-generation.ts",
"background": "tsx templates/background-mode.ts",
"worker": "wrangler dev templates/cloudflare-worker.ts"
},
"dependencies": {
"openai": "^5.19.1"
},
"devDependencies": {
"@cloudflare/workers-types": "^5.0.0",
"@types/node": "^20.0.0",
"tsx": "^4.7.1",
"typescript": "^5.3.3",
"wrangler": "^3.95.0"
},
"engines": {
"node": ">=18.0.0"
}
}

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/**
* Stateful Conversation Example
*
* Demonstrates automatic state management using conversation IDs.
* The model remembers previous turns automatically.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function automaticStateManagement() {
console.log('=== Automatic State Management ===\n');
// 1. Create conversation
const conversation = await openai.conversations.create({
metadata: {
user_id: 'user_123',
session_type: 'support',
},
});
console.log('Conversation ID:', conversation.id);
// 2. First turn
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conversation.id, // ✅ Reuse this ID
input: 'What are the 5 Ds of dodgeball?',
});
console.log('Turn 1:', response1.output_text);
console.log('');
// 3. Second turn - model remembers context
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conversation.id, // ✅ Same ID
input: 'Tell me more about the first one',
});
console.log('Turn 2:', response2.output_text);
// Model knows "first one" refers to first D from previous turn
console.log('');
// 4. Third turn - still remembers everything
const response3 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conversation.id, // ✅ Same ID
input: 'What was my original question?',
});
console.log('Turn 3:', response3.output_text);
// Model recalls original question from turn 1
}
async function manualStateManagement() {
console.log('=== Manual State Management ===\n');
// Alternative: Manually manage history array
let history = [
{ role: 'user', content: 'Tell me a joke' },
];
// First turn
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: history,
store: true, // Optional: store for retrieval later
});
console.log('Turn 1:', response.output_text);
// Add response to history
history = [
...history,
...response.output.map((el) => ({
role: el.role,
content: el.content,
})),
];
// Second turn
history.push({ role: 'user', content: 'Tell me another' });
const secondResponse = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: history, // ✅ Full history
});
console.log('Turn 2:', secondResponse.output_text);
}
async function listConversations() {
// List all conversations (for user dashboard)
const conversations = await openai.conversations.list({
limit: 10,
});
console.log('=== Recent Conversations ===');
conversations.data.forEach((conv) => {
console.log('ID:', conv.id);
console.log('Created:', new Date(conv.created_at * 1000));
console.log('Metadata:', conv.metadata);
console.log('');
});
}
async function deleteConversation(conversationId: string) {
// Delete conversation (cleanup)
await openai.conversations.delete(conversationId);
console.log('Conversation deleted:', conversationId);
}
// Run examples
automaticStateManagement();
// manualStateManagement();
// listConversations();

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/**
* Web Search Example
*
* Demonstrates real-time web search for current information.
* No cutoff date limitations.
*/
import OpenAI from 'openai';
const openai = new OpenAI({
apiKey: process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
});
async function basicWebSearch() {
console.log('=== Basic Web Search ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the latest updates on GPT-5?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Answer:', response.output_text);
// Inspect search results
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'web_search_call') {
console.log('\nSearch query:', item.query);
console.log('Sources:', item.results.length);
item.results.forEach((result, idx) => {
console.log(`\nSource ${idx + 1}:`);
console.log('Title:', result.title);
console.log('URL:', result.url);
console.log('Snippet:', result.snippet);
});
}
});
}
async function currentEvents() {
console.log('=== Current Events ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the top tech news stories today?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('News summary:', response.output_text);
}
async function factChecking() {
console.log('=== Fact Checking ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Is it true that GPT-5 was released in 2025? Find recent sources.',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Fact check:', response.output_text);
// Get source citations
response.output.forEach((item) => {
if (item.type === 'web_search_call') {
console.log('\nSources:');
item.results.forEach((result) => {
console.log('-', result.url);
});
}
});
}
async function researchQuestion() {
console.log('=== Research Question ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the pros and cons of using Cloudflare Workers for serverless applications?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Research findings:', response.output_text);
}
async function conversationalWebSearch() {
console.log('=== Conversational Web Search ===\n');
// Create conversation
const conv = await openai.conversations.create();
// First question
const response1 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'What is the current price of Bitcoin?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Q1:', response1.output_text);
// Follow-up question (model remembers previous answer)
const response2 = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
conversation: conv.id,
input: 'How has it changed in the last 24 hours?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Q2:', response2.output_text);
}
async function comparisonResearch() {
console.log('=== Comparison Research ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Compare the features and pricing of OpenAI GPT-5 vs Anthropic Claude 3.5 Sonnet',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Comparison:', response.output_text);
}
async function localInformation() {
console.log('=== Local Information ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are the best restaurants in San Francisco for Italian food?',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Recommendations:', response.output_text);
}
async function productReviews() {
console.log('=== Product Reviews ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What are people saying about the iPhone 16 Pro? Find recent reviews.',
tools: [{ type: 'web_search' }],
});
console.log('Review summary:', response.output_text);
}
async function combinedTools() {
console.log('=== Combined Tools (Web Search + Code Interpreter) ===\n');
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'Find the current Bitcoin price and calculate what $1000 would be worth',
tools: [
{ type: 'web_search' },
{ type: 'code_interpreter' },
],
});
console.log('Answer:', response.output_text);
// Model uses web search to get price, then code interpreter to calculate
}
async function webSearchWithFileSearch() {
console.log('=== Web Search + File Search ===\n');
// Upload internal document
const file = await openai.files.create({
file: Buffer.from('Internal policy: Always check external sources for pricing info'),
purpose: 'assistants',
});
const response = await openai.responses.create({
model: 'gpt-5',
input: 'What is our policy on competitor pricing research?',
tools: [
{ type: 'file_search', file_ids: [file.id] },
{ type: 'web_search' },
],
});
console.log('Answer:', response.output_text);
// Model checks internal policy, then searches web if needed
}
// Run examples
basicWebSearch();
// currentEvents();
// factChecking();
// researchQuestion();
// conversationalWebSearch();
// comparisonResearch();