507 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
507 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# Sight Words Reference
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Comprehensive sight word lists organized by level (Dolch and Fry lists).
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## What Are Sight Words?
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Sight words are high-frequency words that appear often in text. Many don't follow regular phonics patterns, so children learn to recognize them instantly "by sight."
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**Why They Matter:**
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- 50-75% of all text consists of these words
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- Essential for reading fluency
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- Enable focus on content, not decoding
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- Build reading confidence
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## Dolch Sight Words
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### Pre-Kindergarten (40 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchPreK = [
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'a', 'and', 'away', 'big', 'blue', 'can', 'come', 'down',
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'find', 'for', 'funny', 'go', 'help', 'here', 'I', 'in',
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'is', 'it', 'jump', 'little', 'look', 'make', 'me', 'my',
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'not', 'one', 'play', 'red', 'run', 'said', 'see', 'the',
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'three', 'to', 'two', 'up', 'we', 'where', 'yellow', 'you'
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];
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const preKByCategory = {
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colors: ['blue', 'red', 'yellow'],
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numbers: ['one', 'two', 'three'],
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actions: ['come', 'down', 'find', 'go', 'help', 'jump', 'look', 'make', 'play', 'run', 'see'],
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descriptive: ['big', 'funny', 'little'],
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pronouns: ['I', 'it', 'me', 'my', 'we', 'you'],
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prepositions: ['in', 'to', 'up'],
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other: ['a', 'and', 'away', 'can', 'for', 'here', 'is', 'not', 'said', 'the', 'where']
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};
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```
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### Kindergarten (52 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchKindergarten = [
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'all', 'am', 'are', 'at', 'ate', 'be', 'black', 'brown',
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'but', 'came', 'did', 'do', 'eat', 'four', 'get', 'good',
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'have', 'he', 'into', 'like', 'must', 'new', 'no', 'now',
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'on', 'our', 'out', 'please', 'pretty', 'ran', 'ride', 'saw',
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'say', 'she', 'so', 'soon', 'that', 'there', 'they', 'this',
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'too', 'under', 'want', 'was', 'well', 'went', 'what', 'white',
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'who', 'will', 'with', 'yes'
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];
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```
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### First Grade (41 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchFirstGrade = [
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'after', 'again', 'an', 'any', 'as', 'ask', 'by', 'could',
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'every', 'fly', 'from', 'give', 'giving', 'had', 'has', 'her',
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'him', 'his', 'how', 'just', 'know', 'let', 'live', 'may',
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'of', 'old', 'once', 'open', 'over', 'put', 'round', 'some',
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'stop', 'take', 'thank', 'them', 'then', 'think', 'walk', 'were',
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'when'
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];
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```
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### Second Grade (46 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchSecondGrade = [
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'always', 'around', 'because', 'been', 'before', 'best', 'both',
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'buy', 'call', 'cold', 'does', 'don\'t', 'fast', 'first', 'five',
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'found', 'gave', 'goes', 'green', 'its', 'made', 'many', 'off',
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'or', 'pull', 'read', 'right', 'sing', 'sit', 'sleep', 'tell',
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'their', 'these', 'those', 'upon', 'us', 'use', 'very', 'wash',
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'which', 'why', 'wish', 'work', 'would', 'write', 'your'
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];
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```
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### Third Grade (41 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchThirdGrade = [
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'about', 'better', 'bring', 'carry', 'clean', 'cut', 'done',
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'draw', 'drink', 'eight', 'fall', 'far', 'full', 'got', 'grow',
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'hold', 'hot', 'hurt', 'if', 'keep', 'kind', 'laugh', 'light',
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'long', 'much', 'myself', 'never', 'only', 'own', 'pick', 'seven',
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'shall', 'show', 'six', 'small', 'start', 'ten', 'today', 'together',
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'try', 'warm'
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];
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```
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### Dolch Nouns (95 words)
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```javascript
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const dolchNouns = [
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'apple', 'baby', 'back', 'ball', 'bear', 'bed', 'bell', 'bird',
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'birthday', 'boat', 'box', 'boy', 'bread', 'brother', 'cake', 'car',
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'cat', 'chair', 'chicken', 'children', 'Christmas', 'coat', 'corn',
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'cow', 'day', 'dog', 'doll', 'door', 'duck', 'egg', 'eye', 'farm',
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'farmer', 'father', 'feet', 'fire', 'fish', 'floor', 'flower', 'game',
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'garden', 'girl', 'goodbye', 'grass', 'ground', 'hand', 'head', 'hill',
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'home', 'horse', 'house', 'kitty', 'leg', 'letter', 'man', 'men',
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'milk', 'money', 'morning', 'mother', 'name', 'nest', 'night', 'paper',
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'party', 'picture', 'pig', 'rabbit', 'rain', 'ring', 'robin', 'santa',
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'school', 'seed', 'sheep', 'shoe', 'sister', 'snow', 'song', 'squirrel',
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'stick', 'street', 'sun', 'table', 'thing', 'time', 'top', 'toy',
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'tree', 'watch', 'water', 'way', 'wind', 'window', 'wood'
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];
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```
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## Fry Sight Words
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### First 100 (Most Common)
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```javascript
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const fryFirst100 = {
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'1-25': [
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'the', 'of', 'and', 'a', 'to', 'in', 'is', 'you', 'that', 'it',
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'he', 'was', 'for', 'on', 'are', 'as', 'with', 'his', 'they', 'I',
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'at', 'be', 'this', 'have', 'from'
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],
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'26-50': [
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'or', 'one', 'had', 'by', 'words', 'but', 'not', 'what', 'all', 'were',
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'we', 'when', 'your', 'can', 'said', 'there', 'use', 'an', 'each', 'which',
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'she', 'do', 'how', 'their', 'if'
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],
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'51-75': [
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'will', 'up', 'other', 'about', 'out', 'many', 'then', 'them', 'these', 'so',
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'some', 'her', 'would', 'make', 'like', 'him', 'into', 'time', 'has', 'look',
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'two', 'more', 'write', 'go', 'see'
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],
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'76-100': [
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'number', 'no', 'way', 'could', 'people', 'my', 'than', 'first', 'water', 'been',
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'called', 'who', 'am', 'its', 'now', 'find', 'long', 'down', 'day', 'did',
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'get', 'come', 'made', 'may', 'part'
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]
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};
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```
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### Second 100
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```javascript
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const frySecond100 = {
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'101-125': [
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'over', 'new', 'sound', 'take', 'only', 'little', 'work', 'know', 'place', 'years',
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'live', 'me', 'back', 'give', 'most', 'very', 'after', 'things', 'our', 'just',
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'name', 'good', 'sentence', 'man', 'think'
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],
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'126-150': [
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'say', 'great', 'where', 'help', 'through', 'much', 'before', 'line', 'right', 'too',
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'means', 'old', 'any', 'same', 'tell', 'boy', 'follow', 'came', 'want', 'show',
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'also', 'around', 'form', 'three', 'small'
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],
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'151-175': [
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'set', 'put', 'end', 'does', 'another', 'well', 'large', 'must', 'big', 'even',
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'such', 'because', 'turn', 'here', 'why', 'asked', 'went', 'men', 'read', 'need',
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'land', 'different', 'home', 'us', 'move'
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],
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'176-200': [
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'try', 'kind', 'hand', 'picture', 'again', 'change', 'off', 'play', 'spell', 'air',
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'away', 'animal', 'house', 'point', 'page', 'letter', 'mother', 'answer', 'found', 'study',
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'still', 'learn', 'should', 'America', 'world'
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]
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};
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```
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## Interactive Practice Activities
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### Sight Word Flash Cards
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```javascript
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function createFlashCards(wordList, timePerCard = 3000) {
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let currentIndex = 0;
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let correct = 0;
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let total = 0;
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return {
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words: shuffle(wordList),
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currentWord: wordList[0],
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next: function() {
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currentIndex = (currentIndex + 1) % this.words.length;
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this.currentWord = this.words[currentIndex];
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return this.currentWord;
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},
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checkAnswer: function(userAnswer) {
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total++;
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const isCorrect = userAnswer.toLowerCase() === this.currentWord.toLowerCase();
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if (isCorrect) correct++;
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return {
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correct: isCorrect,
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word: this.currentWord,
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score: `${correct}/${total}`,
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percentage: Math.round((correct / total) * 100)
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};
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},
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getStats: function() {
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return {
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totalSeen: total,
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totalCorrect: correct,
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accuracy: total > 0 ? Math.round((correct / total) * 100) : 0
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};
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}
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};
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}
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```
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### Word Search Game
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```javascript
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function createWordSearch(words, size = 10) {
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const grid = Array(size).fill().map(() => Array(size).fill(''));
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const placed = [];
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// Place words in grid
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words.forEach(word => {
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const direction = Math.random() < 0.5 ? 'horizontal' : 'vertical';
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const position = placeWord(grid, word, direction);
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if (position) {
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placed.push({ word, ...position });
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}
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});
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// Fill empty spaces with random letters
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for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) {
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if (!grid[i][j]) {
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grid[i][j] = String.fromCharCode(97 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 26));
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}
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}
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}
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return {
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grid: grid,
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words: words,
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found: [],
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checkWord: function(selectedCells) {
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const word = selectedCells.map(cell => grid[cell.row][cell.col]).join('');
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if (words.includes(word) && !this.found.includes(word)) {
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this.found.push(word);
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return { found: true, word: word };
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}
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return { found: false };
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},
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isComplete: function() {
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return this.found.length === words.length;
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}
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};
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}
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```
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### Sentence Building
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```javascript
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function createSentenceBuilder(sightWords) {
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const sentenceTemplates = [
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['I', 'can', 'see', 'the', '{noun}'],
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['The', '{noun}', 'is', '{color}'],
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['We', 'like', 'to', '{action}'],
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['{name}', 'said', '{quote}'],
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['Look', 'at', 'the', '{adjective}', '{noun}']
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];
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const fillWords = {
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noun: ['cat', 'dog', 'ball', 'sun', 'tree'],
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color: ['red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow'],
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action: ['play', 'run', 'jump', 'read'],
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name: ['Tom', 'Sue', 'Mom', 'Dad'],
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quote: ['"hello"', '"stop"', '"help"'],
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adjective: ['big', 'little', 'funny', 'pretty']
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};
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return {
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generate: function() {
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const template = sentenceTemplates[Math.floor(Math.random() * sentenceTemplates.length)];
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const sentence = template.map(word => {
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if (word.startsWith('{')) {
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const type = word.slice(1, -1);
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return fillWords[type][Math.floor(Math.random() * fillWords[type].length)];
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}
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return word;
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});
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return {
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sentence: sentence.join(' '),
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words: sentence,
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sightWords: sentence.filter(w => sightWords.includes(w.toLowerCase()))
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};
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},
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scramble: function() {
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const { sentence, words } = this.generate();
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return {
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correctOrder: words,
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scrambled: shuffle([...words]),
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answer: sentence
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};
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}
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};
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}
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```
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### Memory Match Game
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```javascript
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function createMemoryMatch(words) {
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// Create pairs: word and image/definition
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const pairs = words.map(word => [
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{ type: 'word', content: word, id: `${word}-word` },
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{ type: 'image', content: getWordImage(word), id: `${word}-image` }
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]).flat();
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return {
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cards: shuffle(pairs),
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flipped: [],
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matched: [],
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flip: function(cardId) {
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if (this.flipped.length < 2 && !this.flipped.includes(cardId)) {
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this.flipped.push(cardId);
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if (this.flipped.length === 2) {
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return this.checkMatch();
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}
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}
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return { matched: false };
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},
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checkMatch: function() {
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const [id1, id2] = this.flipped;
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const card1 = this.cards.find(c => c.id === id1);
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const card2 = this.cards.find(c => c.id === id2);
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const word1 = id1.split('-')[0];
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const word2 = id2.split('-')[0];
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if (word1 === word2) {
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this.matched.push(id1, id2);
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this.flipped = [];
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return { matched: true, word: word1 };
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}
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// Reset after delay
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setTimeout(() => { this.flipped = []; }, 1000);
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return { matched: false };
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},
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isComplete: function() {
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return this.matched.length === this.cards.length;
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}
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};
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}
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```
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### Typing Practice
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```javascript
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function createTypingPractice(words) {
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let currentWordIndex = 0;
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let startTime = null;
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let stats = {
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correct: 0,
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total: 0,
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wpm: 0
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};
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return {
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currentWord: words[0],
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start: function() {
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startTime = Date.now();
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},
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check: function(typed) {
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stats.total++;
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const correct = typed === this.currentWord;
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if (correct) {
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stats.correct++;
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currentWordIndex = (currentWordIndex + 1) % words.length;
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this.currentWord = words[currentWordIndex];
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}
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// Calculate WPM
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const elapsed = (Date.now() - startTime) / 1000 / 60; // minutes
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stats.wpm = Math.round(stats.correct / elapsed);
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return {
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correct: correct,
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accuracy: Math.round((stats.correct / stats.total) * 100),
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wpm: stats.wpm
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};
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},
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getStats: function() {
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return stats;
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}
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};
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}
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```
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## Word List Management
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### Adaptive Practice
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```javascript
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class AdaptiveSightWords {
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constructor(allWords) {
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this.allWords = allWords;
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this.mastered = new Set();
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this.practicing = new Set();
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this.new = new Set(allWords);
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}
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getNextWord() {
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// 70% practicing, 20% new, 10% review mastered
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const rand = Math.random();
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if (rand < 0.7 && this.practicing.size > 0) {
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return this.selectFrom(this.practicing);
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} else if (rand < 0.9 && this.new.size > 0) {
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const word = this.selectFrom(this.new);
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this.new.delete(word);
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this.practicing.add(word);
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return word;
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} else if (this.mastered.size > 0) {
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return this.selectFrom(this.mastered);
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}
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return this.selectFrom(this.allWords);
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}
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recordResult(word, correct) {
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if (correct) {
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// Move to mastered after 3 correct in a row
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if (!this.mastered.has(word)) {
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this.practicing.delete(word);
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this.mastered.add(word);
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}
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} else {
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// Move back to practicing
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this.mastered.delete(word);
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this.practicing.add(word);
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}
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}
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selectFrom(set) {
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const arr = Array.from(set);
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return arr[Math.floor(Math.random() * arr.length)];
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}
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getProgress() {
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return {
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total: this.allWords.length,
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mastered: this.mastered.size,
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practicing: this.practicing.size,
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new: this.new.size,
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percentage: Math.round((this.mastered.size / this.allWords.length) * 100)
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};
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}
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}
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```
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## Visual Design Guidelines
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### Display Requirements
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```javascript
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const displaySettings = {
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fontSize: {
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preK: '48px',
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kindergarten: '36px',
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grade1: '32px',
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grade2: '28px',
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grade3: '24px'
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},
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colors: {
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new: '#FF6B9D', // Pink - new words
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practicing: '#FFE66D', // Yellow - practicing
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mastered: '#4ECDC4' // Teal - mastered
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},
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timing: {
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flashDuration: 3000, // 3 seconds per word
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typingTimeout: 5000, // 5 seconds to type
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memoryFlipDelay: 1000 // 1 second before flip back
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}
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};
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```
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## Summary
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Sight word lists provide:
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- Comprehensive Dolch and Fry word lists
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- Grade-level organization
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- Multiple practice modalities
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- Adaptive learning systems
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- Progress tracking
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- Game-based activities
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Use these lists to create effective sight word practice!
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