zhongwei/gh-irfansofyana-my-claude-code-marketplace-plugins-02-common-engineering

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Zhongwei Li 1041424521 Initial commit

2025-11-29 18:48:31 +08:00

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Flowchart Diagram Reference

Comprehensive syntax reference for creating flowchart diagrams in Mermaid. Flowcharts consist of nodes (geometric shapes) and edges (connecting lines/arrows) that visualize processes, decision logic, algorithms, and workflows.

Basic Syntax

All flowcharts start with the flowchart keyword followed by an optional direction:

flowchart TD
    Start --> Stop

Direction Control

Control the orientation of your flowchart:

Direction	Description
`TB` or `TD`	Top to Bottom (default)
`BT`	Bottom to Top
`LR`	Left to Right
`RL`	Right to Left

Example:

flowchart LR
    A --> B

Node Shapes

Basic Node Types

Default Node (Rectangle with Text)

flowchart TD
    id
    id1[This is the text in the box]

Round Edges (Rounded Rectangle)

flowchart TD
    id1(This is the text in the box)

Stadium Shape (Pill Shape)

flowchart TD
    id1([This is the text in the box])

Subroutine (Rectangle with Vertical Lines)

flowchart TD
    id1[[This is the text in the box]]

Cylinder (Database)

flowchart TD
    id1[(Database)]

Circle

flowchart TD
    id1((This is the text in the circle))

Double Circle

flowchart TD
    id1(((This is the text in the circle)))

Asymmetric Shape

flowchart TD
    id1>This is the text in the box]

Diamond/Rhombus (Decision)

flowchart TD
    id1{This is the text in the box}

Hexagon

flowchart TD
    id1{{This is the text in the box}}

Parallelogram (Input/Output)

flowchart TD
    id1[/This is the text in the box/]

Parallelogram Alt

flowchart TD
    id1[\This is the text in the box\]

Trapezoid

flowchart TD
    A[/Christmas\]

Trapezoid Alt

flowchart TD
    B[\Go shopping/]

Node Shape Quick Reference Table

Shape	Syntax	Common Use
Rectangle	`id[Text]`	Process/Action
Round edges	`id(Text)`	Start/End
Stadium	`id([Text])`	Start/End (alternate)
Subroutine	`id[[Text]]`	Predefined process
Cylinder	`id[(Text)]`	Database
Circle	`id((Text))`	Connection point
Double circle	`id(((Text)))`	Special endpoint
Diamond	`id{Text}`	Decision/Condition
Hexagon	`id{{Text}}`	Preparation
Parallelogram	`id[/Text/]`	Input/Output
Trapezoid	`id[/Text\]`	Manual operation

Text Formatting

Unicode Support

Use quotes for Unicode characters:

flowchart LR
    id["This ❤ Unicode"]

Markdown in Nodes

Use backticks with double quotes for markdown formatting:

flowchart LR
    markdown["`This **is** _Markdown_`"]
    newLines["`Line1
    Line2
    Line3`"]

Supports:

Bold: **text**
Italics: *text*
Line breaks (automatic wrapping)

Edges/Links

Basic Link Types

Standard Arrow

flowchart LR
    A-->B

Open Link (No Arrow)

flowchart LR
    A --- B

Text on Link

flowchart LR
    A-- This is the text! ---B
    C---|This is the text|D

Arrow with Text

flowchart LR
    A-->|text|B
    C-- text -->D

Dotted Link

flowchart LR
    A-.->B

Dotted Link with Text

flowchart LR
    A-. text .-> B

Thick Link

flowchart LR
    A ==> B

Thick Link with Text

flowchart LR
    A == text ==> B

Invisible Link (for spacing)

flowchart LR
    A ~~~ B

Special Edge Types

Circle Edge

flowchart LR
    A --o B

Cross Edge

flowchart LR
    A --x B

Multi-directional Arrows

flowchart LR
    A o--o B
    B <--> C
    C x--x D

Edge Types Quick Reference

Type	Syntax	Description
Standard arrow	`A-->B`	Directional flow
Open link	`A---B`	Connection without direction
Arrow with text	`A-->	text
Dotted arrow	`A-.->B`	Optional/alternative path
Thick arrow	`A==>B`	Emphasized flow
Invisible link	`A~~~B`	Hidden connection (spacing)
Circle edge	`A--oB`	Special connection
Cross edge	`A--xB`	Terminated/blocked flow
Bidirectional	`A<-->B`	Two-way flow

Link Length Control

Control the visual length of connections by adding extra dashes or dots:

Length Type	1	2	3
Normal	`---`	`----`	`-----`
With arrow	`-->`	`--->`	`---->`
Thick	`===`	`====`	`=====`
Thick arrow	`==>`	`===>`	`====>`
Dotted	`-.-`	`-..-`	`-...-`
Dotted arrow	`-.->`	`-..->`	`-...->`

Example:

flowchart TD
    A --> B
    A ---> C
    A -----> D

Chaining Links

Sequential Chaining

Connect multiple nodes in one line:

flowchart LR
    A -- text --> B -- text2 --> C

Parallel Connections with Ampersand

Connect multiple nodes to multiple targets:

flowchart TD
    a --> b & c --> d

Multiple sources to multiple targets:

flowchart TD
    A & B --> C & D

Subgraphs

Group related nodes together using subgraphs.

Basic Subgraph

flowchart TB
    c1-->a2
    subgraph one
        a1-->a2
    end
    subgraph two
        b1-->b2
    end
    subgraph three
        c1-->c2
    end

Subgraph with Explicit ID

flowchart TB
    subgraph ide1 [one]
        a1-->a2
    end

Nested Subgraphs

flowchart TB
    subgraph TOP
        direction TB
        subgraph B1
            direction RL
            i1 -->f1
        end
        subgraph B2
            direction BT
            i2 -->f2
        end
    end
    A --> TOP --> B

Direction in Subgraphs

flowchart LR
    subgraph TOP
        direction TB
        subgraph B1
            direction RL
            i1 -->f1
        end
    end

Note: External node links can override subgraph direction settings.

Styling

Link Styling

Apply styles to specific links by their order (zero-indexed):

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    B-->C
    C-->D
    D-->E
    linkStyle 0 stroke:#ff3,stroke-width:4px,color:red;
    linkStyle 3 stroke:#00f,stroke-width:2px;

Style multiple links at once:

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    B-->C
    C-->D
    linkStyle 0,1,2 color:blue;

Node Styling

Apply inline styles to specific nodes:

flowchart LR
    id1(Start)-->id2(Stop)
    style id1 fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
    style id2 fill:#bbf,stroke:#f66,stroke-width:2px,color:#fff,stroke-dasharray: 5 5

Available style properties:

fill: Background color
stroke: Border color
stroke-width: Border width
color: Text color
stroke-dasharray: Dashed border pattern

Classes

Define reusable style classes:

flowchart LR
    A:::someclass --> B
    classDef someclass fill:#f96

Apply class to multiple nodes:

flowchart LR
    A-->B[AAA<span>BBB</span>]
    B-->D
    class A cssClass

Class definition syntax:

flowchart TD
    A[Start] --> B[Process]
    classDef green fill:#9f6,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
    classDef orange fill:#f96,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px;
    class A green
    class B orange

Default Class

Apply styles to all nodes without specific styling:

flowchart TD
    A[Start] --> B{Decision}
    B -->|Yes| C[OK]
    B -->|No| D[Not OK]
    classDef default fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;

CSS Classes

Reference predefined CSS classes from your HTML/stylesheet:

<style>
    .cssClass > rect {
        fill:#FF0000;
        stroke:#FFFF00;
        stroke-width:4px;
    }
</style>

flowchart LR
    A-->B[AAA<span>BBB</span>]
    B-->D
    class A cssClass

Curve Styles

Control the curve interpolation of edges at the diagram level:

---
config:
  flowchart:
    curve: stepBefore
---
flowchart LR
    A --> B --> C

Available curve types:

basis
bumpX
bumpY
cardinal
catmullRom
linear (default)
monotoneX
monotoneY
natural
step
stepAfter
stepBefore

Advanced Features

Edge IDs and Animation

Assign IDs to edges and apply animations:

flowchart LR
    A e1@--> B
    e1@{ animate: true }

Animation speeds:

fast
slow

Icons in Nodes

Add FontAwesome icons to nodes:

flowchart TD
    A@{ icon: "fa:user", form: "square", label: "User Icon", pos: "t", h: 60 }
    B@{ icon: "fa:database", form: "circle", label: "Database", pos: "b" }

Icon parameters:

icon: Icon identifier (e.g., "fa:user")
form: Shape - square, circle, rounded
label: Text label
pos: Position - t (top), b (bottom)
h: Height in pixels
w: Width in pixels

Images in Nodes

Embed images in nodes:

flowchart LR
    A@{ img: "https://example.com/image.png", label: "Label", w: 60, h: 60, constraint: "on" }

Image parameters:

img: Image URL
label: Text label
w: Width in pixels
h: Height in pixels
constraint: Layout constraint ("on" or "off")

Interactions

Click Events

Add clickable elements to nodes:

Callback Function

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    click A callback "Tooltip for A"

const callback = function() {
    alert('A callback was triggered');
}

External Link

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    click A "https://www.github.com" "Navigate to GitHub"

Function Call

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    click A call callback() "Tooltip"

Link Targets

Specify how links open:

flowchart LR
    A-->B
    click A "https://www.github.com" _blank

Target options:

_self - Same frame (default)
_blank - New window/tab
_parent - Parent frame
_top - Full window

Security Note: Click interactions are disabled with securityLevel='strict' and enabled with securityLevel='loose'.

Special Characters and Escaping

Using Quotes

Wrap text containing special characters in quotes:

flowchart LR
    id1["This is the (text) in the box"]

Characters that need escaping: (), {}, [], :, ;, |

Entity Codes

Use HTML entity codes for special characters:

flowchart LR
    A["A double quote:#quot;"] --> B["A dec char:#9829;"]

Common entity codes:

#quot; - "
#35; - #
#9829; - ❤
#amp; - &
#lt; - <
#gt; - >

FontAwesome Icons

Embed FontAwesome icons in node text:

Basic Syntax

flowchart TD
    B["fa:fa-twitter for peace"]
    B-->C[fa:fa-ban forbidden]
    B-->D(fa:fa-spinner)
    B-->E(A fa:fa-camera-retro perhaps?)

Icon Prefixes

fa - Standard icons
fab - Brand icons
fas - Solid style
far - Regular style
fal - Light style
fad - Duotone style
fak - Custom uploaded icons

Required CSS

Include FontAwesome CSS in your HTML <head>:

<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.1/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>

Comments

Add comments to your flowchart code (not rendered):

flowchart LR
    %% This is a comment
    A -- text --> B -- text2 --> C
    %% Another comment

Comments must start with %% at the beginning of a line.

Configuration

Renderer Selection

Choose between rendering engines:

---
config:
  flowchart:
    defaultRenderer: "elk"
---
flowchart TD
    A --> B

Available renderers:

dagre (default) - Fast, suitable for most diagrams
elk - Better for large/complex diagrams

Width Adjustment

Control diagram width programmatically:

mermaid.flowchartConfig = {
    width: "100%"
}

Markdown Auto-Wrap

Disable automatic text wrapping in markdown strings:

---
config:
  markdownAutoWrap: false
---
flowchart LR
    a("`The **cat**
    in the hat`")

Complete Example

Here's a comprehensive flowchart demonstrating multiple features:

flowchart TD
    Start([Start Process]) --> Input[/Enter Data/]
    Input --> Validate{Valid Data?}

    Validate -->|Yes| Process[Process Data]
    Validate -->|No| Error[Display Error]

    Error --> Input

    Process --> DB[(Save to Database)]
    DB --> Check{Success?}

    Check -->|Yes| Success([End Success])
    Check -->|No| Retry{Retry?}

    Retry -->|Yes| Process
    Retry -->|No| Fail([End Failure])

    style Start fill:#90EE90,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Success fill:#90EE90,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Fail fill:#FFB6C1,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style Error fill:#FFB6C1,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

    classDef decisionClass fill:#FFE4B5,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    class Validate,Check,Retry decisionClass

Common Patterns

Decision Tree

flowchart TD
    A{Is it working?}
    A -->|Yes| B[Don't touch it]
    A -->|No| C{Did you touch it?}
    C -->|Yes| D[Idiot!]
    C -->|No| E{Does anyone know?}
    E -->|Yes| F[You're screwed]
    E -->|No| G[Hide it]

Process Flow

flowchart LR
    A([Start]) --> B[Initialize]
    B --> C[Process Step 1]
    C --> D[Process Step 2]
    D --> E[Process Step 3]
    E --> F([End])

Approval Workflow

flowchart TD
    Submit[Submit Request] --> Review{Manager Review}
    Review -->|Approved| Finance{Finance Check}
    Review -->|Rejected| Notify1[Notify Requester]
    Finance -->|Approved| Execute[Execute]
    Finance -->|Rejected| Notify2[Notify Requester]
    Execute --> Complete([Complete])

Important Warnings

Reserved Words

"end" keyword: Capitalize it (End, END) or wrap in quotes to avoid breaking diagrams
```
flowchart LR
    A --> End
```

"o" and "x" at line start: Add spaces or capitalize to prevent creating circle/cross edges

flowchart LR
    A --> B
    %% Not: o--> (creates circle edge)
    %% Use: O--> or add space

Security Considerations

Click interactions are disabled with securityLevel='strict'
Enable with securityLevel='loose' when needed (only in trusted environments)

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Node not appearing:

Verify node ID is defined before use
Check for typos in node references

Arrow not rendering:

Verify arrow syntax (-->, ---, -.->, ==>)
Ensure both nodes exist

Text not displaying:

Use quotes for special characters: ["text (with parens)"]
Escape markdown properly with backticks

Subgraph not grouping:

Ensure subgraph is declared before nodes
Check indentation and end keyword placement

Styling not applying:

Verify style syntax (no spaces around :)
Check class names match definitions
Ensure classDef comes before class assignment

Validation failures:

Run mermaid-cli to get specific error messages
Check for reserved words (like "end")
Verify all node IDs are properly defined

Best Practices

Keep it simple: Limit to 10-15 nodes per diagram for clarity
Use consistent shapes: Follow standard conventions (diamonds for decisions, cylinders for databases)
Label edges: Add text to arrows for clarity in complex flows
Group with subgraphs: Organize related processes
Apply styling: Use colors to highlight important paths or states
Test readability: Ensure diagram is readable at documentation sizes
Comment your code: Use %% comments to explain complex sections
Version control: Treat diagrams as code and track changes
Split large diagrams: Create multiple focused diagrams instead of one complex diagram
Validate syntax: Always test with mermaid-cli before committing

This reference covers the complete Mermaid flowchart syntax. Use it to create professional process diagrams, decision trees, algorithm visualizations, and workflow documentation.

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Flowchart Diagram Reference

Basic Syntax

Direction Control

Node Shapes

Basic Node Types

Default Node (Rectangle with Text)

Round Edges (Rounded Rectangle)

Stadium Shape (Pill Shape)

Subroutine (Rectangle with Vertical Lines)

Cylinder (Database)

Circle

Double Circle

Asymmetric Shape

Diamond/Rhombus (Decision)

Hexagon

Parallelogram (Input/Output)

Parallelogram Alt

Trapezoid

Trapezoid Alt

Node Shape Quick Reference Table

Text Formatting

Unicode Support

Markdown in Nodes

Edges/Links

Basic Link Types

Standard Arrow

Open Link (No Arrow)

Text on Link

Arrow with Text

Dotted Link

Dotted Link with Text

Thick Link

Thick Link with Text

Invisible Link (for spacing)

Special Edge Types

Circle Edge

Cross Edge

Multi-directional Arrows

Edge Types Quick Reference

Link Length Control

Chaining Links

Sequential Chaining

Parallel Connections with Ampersand

Subgraphs

Basic Subgraph

Subgraph with Explicit ID

Nested Subgraphs

Direction in Subgraphs

Styling

Link Styling

Node Styling

Classes

Default Class

CSS Classes

Curve Styles

Advanced Features

Edge IDs and Animation

Icons in Nodes

Images in Nodes

Interactions

Click Events

Callback Function

External Link

Function Call

Link Targets

Special Characters and Escaping

Using Quotes

Entity Codes

FontAwesome Icons

Basic Syntax

Icon Prefixes

Required CSS

Comments

Configuration

Renderer Selection

Width Adjustment

Markdown Auto-Wrap

Complete Example

Common Patterns

16 KiB

Raw Blame History