10 KiB
name, description
| name | description |
|---|---|
| env-config-validator | Validate environment configuration files across local, staging, and production environments. Ensure required secrets, database URLs, API keys, and public variables are properly scoped and set. Use this skill when setting up environments, validating configuration, checking for missing secrets, auditing environment variables, ensuring proper scoping of public vs private vars, or troubleshooting environment issues. Trigger terms include env, environment variables, secrets, configuration, .env file, environment validation, missing variables, config check, NEXT_PUBLIC, env vars, database URL, API keys. |
Environment Configuration Validator
Validate .env files across local, staging, and production environments. Ensure all required secrets, database URLs, API keys, and public variables are properly scoped, set, and secure.
Core Capabilities
1. Validate Environment Files
To validate environment configuration:
- Parse
.env,.env.local,.env.production, etc. - Check for required variables
- Verify variable naming conventions
- Detect security issues (exposed secrets, weak values)
- Use
scripts/validate_env.pyfor automated validation
2. Check Variable Scoping
Ensure proper scoping of environment variables:
- Public variables (
NEXT_PUBLIC_*): Accessible in browser - Private variables: Server-side only
- Database credentials: Never exposed to client
- API keys: Properly scoped based on usage
3. Cross-Environment Validation
Compare configurations across environments:
- Identify missing variables in staging/production
- Check for environment-specific overrides
- Ensure consistency in variable names
- Validate environment-specific values (URLs, keys)
4. Security Auditing
Detect security vulnerabilities in environment configuration:
- Exposed secrets in public variables
- Weak or default values
- Hardcoded credentials in code
- Missing required security variables (JWT secrets, encryption keys)
Validation Rules
Required Variables
Ensure these categories of variables are present:
-
Database Connection
DATABASE_URLor equivalent- Connection pool settings (optional)
-
Authentication
JWT_SECRETorAUTH_SECRET- OAuth credentials (if using OAuth)
- Session secrets
-
External APIs
- Third-party API keys
- Service endpoints
- Rate limiting tokens
-
Application Config
NODE_ENVNEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URLorAPP_URL- Feature flags (optional)
-
Email/Notifications (if used)
- SMTP credentials
- Email service API keys
Naming Conventions
Follow Next.js environment variable conventions:
-
Public variables:
NEXT_PUBLIC_*prefix- Example:
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL - Accessible in browser
- Never put secrets here
- Example:
-
Private variables: No prefix
- Example:
DATABASE_URL,API_SECRET - Server-side only
- Safe for secrets
- Example:
-
Naming style:
SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE- Example:
DATABASE_URL,JWT_SECRET,STRIPE_API_KEY
- Example:
Security Rules
-
Never expose secrets in public variables
- [ERROR]
NEXT_PUBLIC_DATABASE_URL - [OK]
DATABASE_URL
- [ERROR]
-
Database URLs must be private
- [ERROR]
NEXT_PUBLIC_DB_URL - [OK]
DATABASE_URL
- [ERROR]
-
API keys scoping
- Client-side API keys →
NEXT_PUBLIC_*(e.g., Google Maps) - Server-side API keys → No prefix (e.g., Stripe secret)
- Client-side API keys →
-
No hardcoded secrets in code
- Use environment variables for all secrets
- Never commit
.env.localor.env.production
-
Strong secrets
- JWT/session secrets: minimum 32 characters
- Use cryptographically random values
- No default or example values in production
Validation Script
Use scripts/validate_env.py to automate validation:
# Validate current .env file
python scripts/validate_env.py
# Validate specific file
python scripts/validate_env.py --file .env.production
# Compare multiple environments
python scripts/validate_env.py --compare .env.local .env.production
# Check against required variables template
python scripts/validate_env.py --template .env.example
The script checks:
- Required variables are present
- Naming conventions are followed
- No secrets in public variables
- No weak or default values
- Consistent naming across environments
Common Issues and Solutions
Issue: Missing DATABASE_URL in Production
Detection: Script reports missing required variable
Solution:
# Add to .env.production
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@host:5432/dbname"
Note: Use different databases for dev/staging/prod
Issue: Secret Exposed in Public Variable
Detection: Script finds NEXT_PUBLIC_ prefix on secret
Problem:
# [ERROR] WRONG - secret exposed to browser
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_SECRET="secret123"
Solution:
# [OK] CORRECT - server-side only
API_SECRET="secret123"
Issue: Weak JWT Secret
Detection: Script detects short or weak secret
Problem:
# [ERROR] WRONG - too short, predictable
JWT_SECRET="secret"
Solution:
# [OK] CORRECT - strong, random, 32+ characters
JWT_SECRET="a8f3d9c2e1b7f4a6d8c3e9b2f1a7d4c8e3b9f2a1d7c4e8b3f9a2d1c7e4b8f3a9"
Generate with:
node -e "console.log(require('crypto').randomBytes(32).toString('hex'))"
Issue: Inconsistent Variable Names Across Environments
Detection: Script comparison shows name mismatch
Problem:
# .env.local
DATABASE_URL="..."
# .env.production
DB_URL="..." # [ERROR] Different name
Solution: Use consistent names
# Both files
DATABASE_URL="..."
Issue: Missing Public API URL
Detection: Client-side code fails to connect to API
Problem: NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL not set
Solution:
# .env.local
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL="http://localhost:3000"
# .env.production
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL="https://api.yourapp.com"
Resource Files
scripts/validate_env.py
Python script to validate environment files, check for security issues, compare across environments, and verify against templates. Provides detailed error messages and suggestions.
references/env_best_practices.md
Comprehensive guide to environment variable management including:
- Security best practices
- Naming conventions
- Scoping rules (public vs private)
- Common patterns for different services
- Environment-specific configuration
- Secret rotation strategies
assets/.env.example
Template showing all required environment variables for a worldbuilding application. Use as a reference for setting up new environments or auditing existing ones.
Environment-Specific Configuration
Development (.env.local)
# Database
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/worldbuilding_dev"
# Authentication
JWT_SECRET="dev-secret-change-in-production"
NEXTAUTH_URL="http://localhost:3000"
NEXTAUTH_SECRET="dev-nextauth-secret"
# Public
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL="http://localhost:3000"
NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME="Worldbuilding App (Dev)"
# External APIs (test keys)
OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-test-..."
STRIPE_SECRET_KEY="sk_test_..."
Staging (.env.staging)
# Database
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@staging-db.com:5432/worldbuilding_staging"
# Authentication
JWT_SECRET="staging-secret-32-chars-minimum"
NEXTAUTH_URL="https://staging.yourapp.com"
NEXTAUTH_SECRET="staging-nextauth-secret"
# Public
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL="https://staging.yourapp.com"
NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME="Worldbuilding App (Staging)"
# External APIs (test keys)
OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-test-..."
STRIPE_SECRET_KEY="sk_test_..."
Production (.env.production)
# Database
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@prod-db.com:5432/worldbuilding_prod"
# Authentication
JWT_SECRET="production-secret-use-crypto-random-32-chars-minimum"
NEXTAUTH_URL="https://yourapp.com"
NEXTAUTH_SECRET="production-nextauth-secret"
# Public
NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL="https://api.yourapp.com"
NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME="Worldbuilding App"
# External APIs (production keys)
OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-live-..."
STRIPE_SECRET_KEY="sk_live_..."
# Monitoring
SENTRY_DSN="https://..."
Best Practices
-
Never commit secrets
- Add
.env.local,.env.productionto.gitignore - Commit
.env.exampleas a template
- Add
-
Use strong, random secrets
- Minimum 32 characters for JWT/session secrets
- Use
crypto.randomBytes()or password manager
-
Scope variables correctly
- Public (
NEXT_PUBLIC_*): Only non-sensitive, client-accessible data - Private (no prefix): All secrets, credentials, server-only config
- Public (
-
Consistent naming
- Use same variable names across all environments
- Follow
SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASEconvention
-
Environment-specific values
- Different database URLs per environment
- Test API keys in dev/staging, production keys in prod
- Environment-specific URLs and endpoints
-
Document required variables
- Keep
.env.exampleupdated - Add comments explaining each variable
- Document where to get values (API dashboard, etc.)
- Keep
-
Validate on deployment
- Run validation script in CI/CD pipeline
- Fail deployment if required variables missing
- Check for security issues before deploying
-
Rotate secrets regularly
- Change JWT secrets periodically
- Rotate API keys on schedule
- Update after team member departures
-
Use secret management tools
- Consider Vercel Environment Variables
- AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault for sensitive data
- Never store production secrets in code or comments
-
Test environment parity
- Staging should mirror production as closely as possible
- Use same variable names, just different values
- Test with production-like data
Integration with Worldbuilding App
Common environment variables for worldbuilding applications:
Database
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://..."
DATABASE_POOL_SIZE="10" # Optional
Authentication
JWT_SECRET="..."
NEXTAUTH_URL="..."
NEXTAUTH_SECRET="..."
External APIs
# AI services (optional)
OPENAI_API_KEY="..."
# Maps (if using)
NEXT_PUBLIC_GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY="..."
# Image hosting (if using)
CLOUDINARY_URL="..."
Application
NODE_ENV="production"
NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URL="https://..."
NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME="Worldbuilding App"
Email (if using)
SMTP_HOST="..."
SMTP_PORT="587"
SMTP_USER="..."
SMTP_PASSWORD="..."
Consult references/env_best_practices.md for detailed guidance and assets/.env.example for a complete template.