55 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
55 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: subgroup-analysis
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description: "Conduct subgroup analyses to examine effect moderation. Use when: (1) Testing pre-specified moderators, (2) Exploring heterogeneity, (3) Identifying differential effects, (4) Meta-analysis synthesis."
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allowed-tools: Read, Write, Bash
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version: 1.0.0
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---
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# Subgroup Analysis Skill
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## Purpose
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Examine whether effects differ across subgroups of participants or studies.
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## Planning Subgroup Analyses
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**Pre-Specify:**
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- Which subgroups (age, sex, severity)
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- Rationale for each
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- Statistical approach
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**Limit Number:**
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- Too many = Type I error inflation
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- Focus on theoretically important
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- Correct for multiple comparisons
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## Subgroup Analysis Methods
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**1. Interaction Tests**
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- Test group × subgroup interaction
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- More powerful than separate analyses
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**2. Stratified Analysis**
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- Separate analysis per subgroup
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- Compare effect sizes
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**3. Meta-Regression**
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- Continuous moderators
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- Multiple moderators simultaneously
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## Interpretation Cautions
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**Observational Nature:**
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- Subgroups not randomized
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- Confounding possible
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- Generate hypotheses, don't confirm
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**Multiple Testing:**
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- Adjust alpha (Bonferroni)
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- Or report as exploratory
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**Example:**
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"Pre-specified subgroup analysis showed larger effects in younger participants (<50 years, d=0.68) versus older (≥50 years, d=0.34), interaction p=.02."
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---
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**Version:** 1.0.0
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