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skills/subagent-prompt-construction/reference/patterns.md
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skills/subagent-prompt-construction/reference/patterns.md
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# Subagent Prompt Patterns
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Core patterns for constructing Claude Code subagent prompts.
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---
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## Pattern 1: Orchestration Agent
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**Use case**: Coordinate multiple subagents for complex workflows
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**Structure**:
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```
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orchestrate :: Task → Result
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orchestrate(task) =
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plan = agent(planner, task.spec) →
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∀stage ∈ plan.stages:
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result = agent(executor, stage) →
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validate(result) →
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aggregate(results)
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```
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**Example**: phase-planner-executor
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- Coordinates project-planner and stage-executor
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- Sequential stage execution with validation
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- Error detection and recovery
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- Progress tracking
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**When to use**:
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- Multi-step workflows requiring planning
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- Need to coordinate 2+ specialized agents
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- Sequential stages with dependencies
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- Error handling between stages critical
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**Complexity**: Moderate to Complex (60-150 lines)
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---
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## Pattern 2: Analysis Agent
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**Use case**: Analyze data via MCP tools and generate insights
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**Structure**:
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```
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analyze :: Query → Report
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analyze(query) =
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data = mcp::query_tool(query.params) →
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patterns = extract_patterns(data) →
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insights = generate_insights(patterns) →
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report(patterns, insights)
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```
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**Example**: error-analyzer (hypothetical)
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- Query tool errors via MCP
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- Categorize error patterns
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- Suggest fixes
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- Generate analysis report
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**When to use**:
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- Need to query session data
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- Pattern extraction from data
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- Insight generation from analysis
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- Reporting on historical data
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**Complexity**: Simple to Moderate (30-90 lines)
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---
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## Pattern 3: Enhancement Agent
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**Use case**: Apply skill guidelines to improve artifacts
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**Structure**:
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```
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enhance :: Artifact → ImprovedArtifact
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enhance(artifact) =
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guidelines = skill(domain-skill) →
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analysis = analyze(artifact, guidelines) →
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improvements = generate(analysis) →
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apply(improvements, artifact)
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```
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**Example**: code-refactorer (hypothetical)
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- Load refactoring skill guidelines
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- Analyze code against guidelines
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- Generate improvement suggestions
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- Apply or report improvements
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**When to use**:
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- Systematic artifact improvement
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- Apply established skill patterns
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- Need consistent quality standards
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- Repeatable enhancement process
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**Complexity**: Moderate (60-120 lines)
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---
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## Pattern 4: Validation Agent
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**Use case**: Validate artifacts against criteria
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**Structure**:
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```
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validate :: Artifact → ValidationReport
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validate(artifact) =
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criteria = load_criteria() →
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results = check_all(artifact, criteria) →
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report(passes, failures, warnings)
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```
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**Example**: quality-checker (hypothetical)
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- Load quality criteria
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- Check code standards, tests, coverage
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- Generate pass/fail report
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- Provide remediation suggestions
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**When to use**:
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- Pre-commit checks
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- Quality gates
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- Compliance validation
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- Systematic artifact verification
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**Complexity**: Simple to Moderate (30-90 lines)
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---
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## Pattern Selection Guide
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| Need | Pattern | Complexity | Integration |
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|------|---------|------------|-------------|
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| Coordinate agents | Orchestration | High | 2+ agents |
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| Query & analyze data | Analysis | Medium | MCP tools |
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| Improve artifacts | Enhancement | Medium | Skills |
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| Check compliance | Validation | Low | Skills optional |
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| Multi-step workflow | Orchestration | High | Agents + MCP |
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| One-step analysis | Analysis | Low | MCP only |
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---
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## Common Anti-Patterns
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### ❌ Flat Structure (No Decomposition)
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```
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# Bad - 100 lines of inline logic
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λ(input) → output | step1 ∧ step2 ∧ ... ∧ step50
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```
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**Fix**: Decompose into 5-10 functions
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### ❌ Verbose Natural Language
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```
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# Bad
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"First, we need to validate the input. Then, we should..."
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```
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**Fix**: Use symbolic logic and function composition
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### ❌ Missing Dependencies
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```
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# Bad - calls agents without declaring
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agent(mystery-agent, ...) → result
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```
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**Fix**: Explicit dependencies section
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### ❌ Unclear Constraints
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```
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# Bad - vague requirements
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"Make sure code quality is good"
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```
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**Fix**: Explicit predicates (coverage ≥ 0.80)
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---
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## Pattern Composition
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Patterns can be composed for complex workflows:
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**Orchestration + Analysis**:
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```
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orchestrate(task) =
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plan = agent(planner, task) →
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∀stage ∈ plan.stages:
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result = agent(executor, stage) →
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if result.status == "error" then
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analysis = analyze_errors(result) → # Analysis pattern
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return (partial_results, analysis)
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aggregate(results)
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```
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**Enhancement + Validation**:
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```
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enhance(artifact) =
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improved = apply_skill(artifact) →
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validation = validate(improved) → # Validation pattern
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if validation.passes then improved else retry(validation.issues)
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```
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---
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## Quality Metrics
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### Compactness
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- Simple: ≤60 lines (score ≥0.60)
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- Moderate: ≤90 lines (score ≥0.40)
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- Complex: ≤150 lines (score ≥0.00)
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**Formula**: `1 - (lines / 150)`
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### Integration
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- High: 3+ features (score ≥0.75)
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- Moderate: 2 features (score ≥0.50)
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- Low: 1 feature (score ≥0.25)
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**Formula**: `features_used / applicable_features`
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### Clarity
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- Clear structure (0-1 subjective)
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- Obvious flow (0-1 subjective)
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- Self-documenting (0-1 subjective)
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**Target**: All ≥0.80
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---
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## Validation Checklist
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Before using a pattern:
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- [ ] Pattern matches use case
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- [ ] Complexity appropriate (simple/moderate/complex)
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- [ ] Dependencies identified
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- [ ] Function count: 3-12
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- [ ] Line count: ≤150
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- [ ] Integration score: ≥0.50
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- [ ] Constraints explicit
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- [ ] Example reviewed
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---
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## Related Resources
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- **Integration Patterns**: `integration-patterns.md` (agent/MCP/skill syntax)
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- **Symbolic Language**: `symbolic-language.md` (operators, quantifiers)
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- **Template**: `../templates/subagent-template.md` (reusable structure)
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- **Examples**: `../examples/phase-planner-executor.md` (orchestration)
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- **Case Studies**: `case-studies/phase-planner-executor-analysis.md` (detailed)
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