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Zhongwei Li
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references/glossary.md
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# SAP BTP Glossary
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Complete terminology reference for SAP Business Technology Platform.
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**Source**: [https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/blob/main/docs/glossary-e67a143.md](https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/blob/main/docs/glossary-e67a143.md)
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---
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## A
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### Application
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Software hosted on SAP BTP used by business users to complete tasks. Created by developers utilizing platform services.
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### Application Router
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Single entry point for applications in Cloud Foundry environment. Handles static content serving, user authentication, URL rewriting, and request forwarding to microservices.
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### Availability
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The durability and operational performance without failure of a system or component for an agreed amount of time, as defined in the contract.
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### Availability Zone (AZ)
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A physically isolated location with independent power, network, and cooling infrastructure that acts as an individual failure domain within a region.
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---
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## B
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### Block-hours
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A measurement unit representing one compute block's runtime for one hour. Multiple blocks multiply the count accordingly.
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### Booster
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A set of guided interactive steps that enable you to select, configure, and consume services on SAP BTP to achieve a specific technical goal.
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### btp CLI
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The command line tool for all tasks on global account, directory, and subaccount level, such as creating or updating subaccounts, authorization management, and working with service brokers and platforms.
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### Buildpack
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Provides framework and runtime support for applications in the Cloud Foundry environment.
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### Business Service
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Platform services that enable, facilitate, or accelerate the development of business process components and elements of an application.
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## C
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### Cloud Connector
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Serves as the link between on-demand applications in SAP BTP and existing on-premise systems. Lightweight agent establishing secure tunnel.
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### Cloud Foundry CLI
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Command-line interface tool for deploying and managing applications in the Cloud Foundry environment.
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### Cloud Management Tools
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Technologies designed for managing SAP BTP. Internally known as Foundation.
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### Cockpit
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The central point of entry to key information about your accounts and applications, and for managing all activities associated with your account.
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### Connectivity
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Provides secure, reliable access to business systems or remote services running on-premises or in the cloud.
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## D
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### Destination
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A configuration that contains the connection details for a remote communication partner. Allows separation of application code from configuration.
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### Disaster
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An event declared by SAP when there is a loss of utilities and services, and uncertainty about whether they can be restored within a reasonable period of time.
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### Disaster Recovery (DR)
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A set of policies, tools, and procedures to protect applications by preserving and rapidly resuming their availability in case of a disaster.
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### Durability
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The ability of a system to permanently store data without loss or corruption.
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---
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## E
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### Enterprise Account
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An enterprise account is usually associated with one SAP customer or partner and is typically subject to charges.
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### Entitlement
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Your right to provision and consume a resource (service plan) on SAP BTP.
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### Environment
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Constitutes the SAP BTP actual Platform-as-a-Service offering that allows for the development and administration of applications.
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## F
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### Failover
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The automated or manually triggered process of switching from one system to another redundant system in case of an unexpected or planned downtime.
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### Formation
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A logical grouping of SAP systems that can be extended in a single business scenario. Enables communication between systems.
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## G
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### Global Account
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The realization of a contract you made with SAP. A global account is region- and environment-independent, and it is used to manage subaccounts, members, entitlements and quotas.
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## I
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### Identity Provider (IdP)
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An authorization authority containing all user information and credentials. In SAP BTP, user information is provided by identity providers, not stored in SAP BTP itself.
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### In-Metro Disaster Recovery
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Solution using synchronous data replication across multiple AZs within a single region to protect against localized disasters.
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## K
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### Kyma Environment
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A fully managed cloud-native Kubernetes application runtime based on the open-source project Kyma.
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### Kyma Module
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Modular component that can be selectively installed on a Kyma cluster to provide specific functionality.
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## M
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### Member
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Indicates a user's assignment to an account. As an account member, a user automatically has the permissions required to use the SAP BTP functionality within the scope of the respective account and as permitted by their account member roles.
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### Multi-Target Application (MTA)
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A package consisting of multiple modules that are deployed together on SAP BTP.
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## O
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### OAuth
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Widely adopted security protocol for protecting resources over the Internet, used by social networks and corporate networks.
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### Org (Organization)
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A hierarchical level in the account structure of SAP BTP using a Cloud Foundry subaccount. Each Cloud Foundry subaccount contains exactly one Cloud Foundry org.
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## P
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### Platform Service
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Software that enables, facilitates, or accelerates the development of applications and other platform services on SAP BTP.
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### Platform User
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User who manages and administers SAP BTP (developer, administrator, operator).
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### Principal Propagation
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Forwarding of user identity from one system to another for single sign-on and authorization.
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### Programming Model
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A set of concepts, languages, runtimes, and APIs used to create applications on SAP BTP.
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## Q
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### Quota
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A numeric quantity that defines the maximum allowed consumption of a specific technical asset/resource.
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## R
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### Region
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A geographical location (e.g., Europe, US East) where applications, data, or services are hosted. Usually consists of two or more availability zones.
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### Resilience
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The ability to provide and maintain an acceptable level of service in the face of faults and challenges until normal operation is restored.
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### Role Collection
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A group of roles assigned to users or groups to grant specific authorizations.
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### Runtime
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An engine or context for executing programs, such as Java Web Tomcat or Node.js.
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## S
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### SAP BTP, Cloud Foundry Environment
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An open Platform-as-a-Service, which provides a scalable runtime container and a choice of clouds, runtimes, and services.
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### SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime
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A runtime developers can use to build cloud-native Kubernetes-based extensions to SAP by using microservices and serverless Functions.
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### SAP BTP, Neo Environment
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An enterprise Platform-as-a-Service providing a range of services (sunsetting December 31, 2028).
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### SAP Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)
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A framework of languages, libraries, and tools for building enterprise-grade services and applications. Supports Java, JavaScript, and TypeScript.
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### SAP ID Service
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The default identity provider for SAP BTP applications. Manages the user base for SAP Community Network and other SAP websites.
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### SAPUI5
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A development toolkit providing UI controls for developing Web applications.
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### Service Broker
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When a developer provisions and binds a service to an application, the service broker for that service is responsible for providing the service instance and for binding services to applications.
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### Service Plan
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A variant of a service; for example, a database may be configured with various "t-shirt sizes", each of which is a different service plan.
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### Shadow User
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A copy of a user from an identity provider stored in SAP BTP for authorization purposes.
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### Space
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In the Cloud Foundry environment, every application and service is scoped to a space. A space provides users with access to a shared location for application development, deployment, and maintenance.
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### Staging
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The process in the Cloud Foundry environment by which the raw bits of an application are transformed into a droplet that is ready to execute.
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### Subaccount
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Lets you structure a global account according to customer requirements with regards to members, authorizations and quotas. Where actual deployments occur.
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## T
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### Technical Service
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Platform services that enable, facilitate, or accelerate the generic development of an application, independent of the application's business process or task.
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### Tool
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A means for users to develop, configure, monitor and administer a service or entities managed by a service.
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### Trial Account
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90-day complimentary platform exploration with restricted resources.
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---
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## U
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### User-Provided Service Instance
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User-provided service instances enable you to use services that are not available in the marketplace with your applications running in the Cloud Foundry environment.
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---
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## X
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### XSUAA
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SAP Authorization and Trust Management Service. OAuth 2.0 authorization server for SAP BTP applications.
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### xs-security.json
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Application security descriptor defining scopes, roles, and attributes for XSUAA.
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---
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## Related Documentation
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- Basic Concepts: [https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/tree/main/docs/10-concepts](https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/tree/main/docs/10-concepts)
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- Full Glossary: [https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/blob/main/docs/glossary-e67a143.md](https://github.com/SAP-docs/sap-btp-cloud-platform/blob/main/docs/glossary-e67a143.md)
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