3.1 KiB
3.1 KiB
Proxmox Storage Reference
Storage Types
Local Storage
| Type | Features | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Directory | Simple, any filesystem | Basic storage |
| LVM | Block device, raw performance | Performance |
| LVM-thin | Thin provisioning, snapshots | Efficient space |
| ZFS | Compression, snapshots, high perf | Production |
Limitations: No live migration, single node only.
Shared Storage
| Type | Features | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| NFS | File-based, simple | Shared access |
| Ceph RBD | Distributed block, HA | Production HA |
| iSCSI | Network block | SAN integration |
| GlusterFS | Distributed file | File sharing |
Benefits: Live migration, HA, shared access.
Content Types
Configure what each storage can hold:
| Content | Description | File Types |
|---|---|---|
| images | VM disk images | .raw, .qcow2 |
| iso | ISO images for install | .iso |
| vztmpl | Container templates | .tar.gz |
| backup | Backup files | .vma, .tar |
| rootdir | Container root FS | directories |
| snippets | Cloud-init, hooks | .yaml, scripts |
Storage Configuration
Add NFS Storage
pvesm add nfs <storage-id> \
--server <nfs-server> \
--export <export-path> \
--content images,iso,backup
Add Ceph RBD
pvesm add rbd <storage-id> \
--monhost <mon1>,<mon2>,<mon3> \
--pool <pool-name> \
--content images,rootdir
Check Storage Status
pvesm status # All storage status
pvesh get /storage # API query
df -h # Disk space
Disk Formats
| Format | Features | Performance |
|---|---|---|
| raw | No overhead, full allocation | Fastest |
| qcow2 | Snapshots, thin provisioning | Moderate |
Recommendation: Use raw for production, qcow2 for dev/snapshots.
Disk Cache Modes
| Mode | Safety | Performance | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| none | Safe | Good | Default, recommended |
| writeback | Unsafe | Best | Non-critical, battery backup |
| writethrough | Safe | Moderate | Compatibility |
| directsync | Safest | Slow | Critical data |
Storage Performance
Enable Discard (TRIM)
For SSD thin provisioning:
scsi0: local-lvm:vm-100-disk-0,discard=on
I/O Thread
Dedicated I/O thread per disk:
scsi0: local-lvm:vm-100-disk-0,iothread=1
I/O Limits
Throttle disk bandwidth:
# In VM config
bwlimit: <KiB/s>
iops_rd: <iops>
iops_wr: <iops>
Cloud-Init Storage
Cloud-init configs stored in snippets content type:
# Upload cloud-init files
scp user-data.yaml root@proxmox:/var/lib/vz/snippets/
# Or to named storage
scp user-data.yaml root@proxmox:/mnt/pve/<storage>/snippets/
Reference in VM:
cicustom: user=<storage>:snippets/user-data.yaml
Backup Storage
Recommended Configuration
- Separate storage for backups
- NFS or dedicated backup server
- Sufficient space for retention policy
Backup Retention
Configure in Datacenter → Backup:
keep-last: 3
keep-daily: 7
keep-weekly: 4
keep-monthly: 6