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skills/proxmox/references/vm-lxc.md

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+# VM vs LXC Reference
+
+## Decision Matrix
+
+### Use VM (QEMU/KVM) When
+
+- Running Windows or non-Linux OS
+- Need full kernel isolation
+- Running untrusted workloads
+- Complex hardware passthrough needed
+- Different kernel version required
+- GPU passthrough required
+
+### Use LXC When
+
+- Running Linux services
+- Need lightweight, fast startup
+- Comfortable with shared kernel
+- Want better density/performance
+- Simple application containers
+- Development environments
+
+## QEMU/KVM VMs
+
+Full hardware virtualization with any OS support.
+
+### Hardware Configuration
+
+| Setting | Options | Recommendation |
+|---------|---------|----------------|
+| CPU type | host, kvm64, custom | `host` for performance |
+| Boot | UEFI, BIOS | UEFI for modern OS |
+| Display | VNC, SPICE, NoVNC | NoVNC for web access |
+
+### Storage Controllers
+
+| Type | Performance | Use Case |
+|------|-------------|----------|
+| VirtIO | Fastest | Linux, Windows with drivers |
+| SCSI | Fast | General purpose |
+| SATA | Moderate | Compatibility |
+| IDE | Slow | Legacy OS |
+
+### Network Adapters
+
+| Type | Performance | Use Case |
+|------|-------------|----------|
+| VirtIO | Fastest | Linux, Windows with drivers |
+| E1000 | Good | Compatibility |
+| RTL8139 | Slow | Legacy OS |
+
+### Features
+
+- Snapshots (requires compatible storage)
+- Templates for rapid cloning
+- Live migration (requires shared storage)
+- Hardware passthrough (GPU, USB, PCI)
+
+## LXC Containers
+
+OS-level virtualization with shared kernel.
+
+### Container Types
+
+| Type | Security | Use Case |
+|------|----------|----------|
+| Unprivileged | Higher (recommended) | Production workloads |
+| Privileged | Lower | Docker-in-LXC, NFS mounts |
+
+### Resource Controls
+
+- CPU cores and limits
+- Memory hard/soft limits
+- Disk I/O throttling
+- Network bandwidth limits
+
+### Storage Options
+
+- Bind mounts from host
+- Volume storage
+- ZFS datasets
+
+### Features
+
+- Fast startup (seconds)
+- Lower memory overhead
+- Higher density per host
+- Templates from Proxmox repo
+
+## Migration Considerations
+
+### VM Migration Requirements
+
+- Shared storage (Ceph, NFS, iSCSI)
+- Same CPU architecture
+- Compatible Proxmox versions
+- Network connectivity between nodes
+
+### LXC Migration Requirements
+
+- Shared storage for live migration
+- Same architecture
+- Unprivileged preferred for portability