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+# Proxmox Backup Reference
+
+## vzdump Overview
+
+Built-in backup tool for VMs and containers.
+
+```bash
+# Basic backup
+vzdump <vmid>
+
+# With options
+vzdump <vmid> --mode snapshot --storage backup-nfs --compress zstd
+
+# Backup all VMs
+vzdump --all --compress zstd
+```
+
+## Backup Modes
+
+| Mode | Downtime | Method | Use Case |
+|------|----------|--------|----------|
+| stop | Full | Shutdown, backup, start | Consistent, any storage |
+| suspend | Brief | Pause, backup, resume | Running state preserved |
+| snapshot | None | LVM/ZFS/Ceph snapshot | Production, requires snapshot storage |
+
+### Mode Selection
+
+```bash
+# Stop mode (most consistent)
+vzdump <vmid> --mode stop
+
+# Suspend mode (preserves RAM state)
+vzdump <vmid> --mode suspend
+
+# Snapshot mode (live, requires compatible storage)
+vzdump <vmid> --mode snapshot
+```
+
+## Backup Formats
+
+| Format | Type | Compression |
+|--------|------|-------------|
+| VMA | VMs | Native Proxmox format |
+| tar | Containers | Standard tar archive |
+
+## Compression Options
+
+| Type | Speed | Ratio | CPU |
+|------|-------|-------|-----|
+| none | Fastest | 1:1 | Low |
+| lzo | Fast | Good | Low |
+| gzip | Moderate | Better | Medium |
+| zstd | Fast | Best | Medium |
+
+Recommendation: `zstd` for best balance.
+
+```bash
+vzdump <vmid> --compress zstd
+```
+
+## Storage Configuration
+
+```bash
+# Backup to specific storage
+vzdump <vmid> --storage backup-nfs
+
+# Check available backup storage
+pvesm status | grep backup
+```
+
+## Scheduled Backups
+
+Configure in Datacenter → Backup:
+
+- Schedule (cron format)
+- Selection (all, pool, specific VMs)
+- Storage destination
+- Mode and compression
+- Retention policy
+
+### Retention Policy
+
+```
+keep-last: 3      # Keep last N backups
+keep-daily: 7     # Keep daily for N days
+keep-weekly: 4    # Keep weekly for N weeks
+keep-monthly: 6   # Keep monthly for N months
+```
+
+## Restore Operations
+
+### Full Restore
+
+```bash
+# Restore VM
+qmrestore <backup-file> <vmid>
+
+# Restore to different VMID
+qmrestore <backup-file> <new-vmid>
+
+# Restore container
+pct restore <ctid> <backup-file>
+```
+
+### Restore Options
+
+```bash
+# Restore to different storage
+qmrestore <backup> <vmid> --storage local-lvm
+
+# Force overwrite existing VM
+qmrestore <backup> <vmid> --force
+```
+
+### File-Level Restore
+
+```bash
+# Mount backup for file extraction
+# (Use web UI: Backup → Restore → File Restore)
+```
+
+## Proxmox Backup Server (PBS)
+
+Dedicated backup server with deduplication.
+
+### Benefits
+
+- Deduplication across backups
+- Encryption at rest
+- Verification and integrity checks
+- Efficient incremental backups
+- Remote backup sync
+
+### Integration
+
+Add PBS storage:
+
+```bash
+pvesm add pbs <storage-id> \
+  --server <pbs-server> \
+  --datastore <datastore> \
+  --username <user>@pbs \
+  --fingerprint <fingerprint>
+```
+
+## Backup Best Practices
+
+- Store backups on separate storage from VMs
+- Use snapshot mode for production VMs
+- Test restores regularly
+- Offsite backup copy for disaster recovery
+- Monitor backup job completion
+- Set appropriate retention policy
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+| Issue | Check |
+|-------|-------|
+| Backup fails | Storage space, VM state, permissions |
+| Slow backup | Mode (snapshot faster), compression, network |
+| Restore fails | Storage compatibility, VMID conflicts |
+| Snapshot fails | Storage doesn't support snapshots |