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# Python Installation - Fedora/RHEL/CentOS
## Check Current Version
```bash
python3 --version
```
If you see Python 3.11+, you're good to go! [← Back to main skill](../SKILL.md#step-2-create-virtual-environment)
---
## Installation Methods
### Option 1: DNF Package Manager (Fedora)
**Fedora usually includes recent Python versions:**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3.11 python3.11-devel python3.11-pip -y
```
**For Python 3.12/3.13 (if available):**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3.13 python3.13-devel -y
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python3.13 --version
```
---
### Option 2: RHEL/CentOS (Using EPEL)
**Enable EPEL repository:**
```bash
sudo dnf install epel-release -y
sudo dnf update -y
```
**Install Python:**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3.11 python3.11-devel python3.11-pip -y
```
---
### Option 3: Build from Source (Advanced)
**Install build dependencies:**
```bash
sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools" -y
sudo dnf install gcc openssl-devel bzip2-devel libffi-devel zlib-devel -y
```
**Download and build Python 3.13:**
```bash
cd /tmp
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/Python-3.13.0.tgz
tar xzf Python-3.13.0.tgz
cd Python-3.13.0
./configure --enable-optimizations
make -j $(nproc)
sudo make altinstall # Don't use 'install', use 'altinstall' to avoid replacing system python
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python3.13 --version
```
---
### Option 4: pyenv (Multiple Versions)
**Install dependencies:**
```bash
sudo dnf install gcc make patch zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel \
readline-devel sqlite sqlite-devel openssl-devel tk-devel \
libffi-devel xz-devel -y
```
**Install pyenv:**
```bash
curl https://pyenv.run | bash
```
**Add to ~/.bashrc:**
```bash
export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init --path)"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
```
**Reload shell:**
```bash
source ~/.bashrc
```
**Install Python 3.13:**
```bash
pyenv install 3.13.0
pyenv global 3.13.0
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python --version
```
---
## Set Default Python Version
**Check available versions:**
```bash
ls /usr/bin/python*
```
**Set alternative:**
```bash
sudo alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.13 1
sudo alternatives --config python3
```
---
## Install pip
**Usually installed with python3:**
```bash
python3 -m pip --version
```
**If missing:**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3-pip -y
```
**Upgrade pip:**
```bash
python3 -m pip install --user --upgrade pip
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### Issue: `No package python3.13 available`
**Solutions:**
1. Check Fedora version: `cat /etc/fedora-release`
2. Update system: `sudo dnf update -y`
3. Try older version: `sudo dnf install python3.11 -y`
4. Use pyenv (Option 4 above)
### Issue: `No module named 'venv'`
**Install venv (usually included):**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3.13-venv -y
```
### Issue: Development headers missing
**Install development package:**
```bash
sudo dnf install python3.13-devel -y
```
### Issue: Permission denied
**Don't use sudo with pip inside venv:**
```bash
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install <package> # No sudo needed
```
---
## Verification Checklist
- [ ] `python3 --version` shows 3.11+
- [ ] `python3 -m venv --help` works
- [ ] `python3 -m pip --version` works
- [ ] Can create test venv: `python3 -m venv test_venv`
- [ ] Can activate: `source test_venv/bin/activate`
**Clean up test:**
```bash
rm -rf test_venv
```
---
[← Back to django-project-setup](../SKILL.md)

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# Python Installation - Ubuntu/Debian
## Check Current Version
```bash
python3 --version
```
If you see Python 3.11+, you're good to go! [← Back to main skill](../SKILL.md#step-2-create-virtual-environment)
---
## Installation Methods
### Option 1: From Ubuntu PPA (Recommended for Latest Versions)
**For Python 3.13 (latest):**
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.13 python3.13-venv python3.13-dev -y
```
**For Python 3.11:**
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.11 python3.11-venv python3.11-dev -y
```
**Verify installation:**
```bash
python3.13 --version
```
---
### Option 2: System Package Manager (Older Versions)
**Ubuntu 22.04+ includes Python 3.10+ by default:**
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3 python3-venv python3-pip python3-dev -y
```
**Check version:**
```bash
python3 --version
```
---
### Option 3: pyenv (Multiple Versions)
**Install dependencies:**
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \
libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm \
libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libxml2-dev libxmlsec1-dev \
libffi-dev liblzma-dev
```
**Install pyenv:**
```bash
curl https://pyenv.run | bash
```
**Add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc:**
```bash
export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init --path)"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
```
**Reload shell:**
```bash
source ~/.bashrc # or source ~/.zshrc
```
**Install Python 3.13:**
```bash
pyenv install 3.13.0
pyenv global 3.13.0
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python --version
```
---
## Set Default Python Version
**If you installed Python 3.13 but `python3` still points to old version:**
```bash
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.13 1
sudo update-alternatives --config python3
```
**Select the number for Python 3.13**
---
## Install pip
**For Python 3.13:**
```bash
sudo apt install python3.13-distutils -y
curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.13
```
**Or use system package:**
```bash
sudo apt install python3-pip -y
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python3 -m pip --version
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### Issue: `E: Unable to locate package python3.13`
**Solution:** Add deadsnakes PPA (see Option 1 above)
### Issue: `No module named 'venv'`
**Install venv module:**
```bash
sudo apt install python3.13-venv -y
```
### Issue: `No module named 'distutils'`
**Install distutils:**
```bash
sudo apt install python3.13-distutils -y
```
### Issue: Build dependencies missing (for pyenv)
**Install build essentials:**
```bash
sudo apt install build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev \
libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev curl \
libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev libffi-dev liblzma-dev -y
```
### Issue: Permission denied when installing packages
**Don't use sudo with pip!** Use virtual environments instead:
```bash
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install <package>
```
---
## Verification Checklist
- [ ] `python3 --version` shows 3.11+
- [ ] `python3 -m venv --help` shows venv usage
- [ ] `python3 -m pip --version` works
- [ ] Can create test venv: `python3 -m venv test_venv`
- [ ] Can activate: `source test_venv/bin/activate`
**Clean up test:**
```bash
rm -rf test_venv
```
---
[← Back to django-project-setup](../SKILL.md)

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# Python Installation - macOS
## Check Current Version
```bash
python3 --version
```
If you see Python 3.11+, you're good to go! [← Back to main skill](../SKILL.md#step-2-create-virtual-environment)
---
## Installation Methods
### Option 1: Homebrew (Recommended)
**Why Homebrew:**
- Easy updates: `brew upgrade python@3.13`
- Manages dependencies automatically
- Industry standard on macOS
**Install Homebrew (if not installed):**
```bash
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
```
**Install Python 3.13:**
```bash
brew install python@3.13
```
**Verify installation:**
```bash
python3.13 --version
# Or if it's the default:
python3 --version
```
**Add to PATH (if needed):**
```bash
echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc # For M1/M2 Macs
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc # For Intel Macs
source ~/.zshrc
```
---
### Option 2: Official Python Installer
**When to use:** You want specific Python version or don't use Homebrew
**Steps:**
1. Visit [python.org/downloads](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
2. Click "Download Python 3.13.x" button
3. Open downloaded `.pkg` file
4. Follow installation wizard
5. Restart Terminal
**Verify:**
```bash
python3 --version
```
**Add to PATH (if needed):**
```bash
echo 'export PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.13/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
```
---
### Option 3: pyenv (Multiple Python Versions)
**Why pyenv:**
- Manage multiple Python versions side-by-side
- Easy switching between projects
- Preferred by professional developers
**Install pyenv:**
```bash
brew install pyenv
```
**Install Python 3.13:**
```bash
pyenv install 3.13.0
```
**Set as global default:**
```bash
pyenv global 3.13.0
```
**Or set for specific project:**
```bash
cd /path/to/project
pyenv local 3.13.0
```
**Configure shell (add to ~/.zshrc):**
```bash
export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init --path)"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
```
**Reload shell:**
```bash
source ~/.zshrc
```
**Verify:**
```bash
python --version # Should show 3.13.0
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### Issue: `command not found: python3`
**After Homebrew install:**
```bash
brew link python@3.13
```
**Check where Python is:**
```bash
which python3
brew --prefix python@3.13
```
### Issue: Multiple Python versions conflict
**List all Python installations:**
```bash
which -a python3
ls -l /usr/local/bin/python*
```
**Use specific version:**
```bash
python3.13 -m venv venv # Force Python 3.13
```
### Issue: SSL certificate errors
**Install certificates:**
```bash
/Applications/Python\ 3.13/Install\ Certificates.command
```
Or via Homebrew:
```bash
brew install openssl
```
### Issue: Xcode Command Line Tools needed
**Install:**
```bash
xcode-select --install
```
---
## Verification Checklist
- [ ] `python3 --version` shows 3.11+
- [ ] `which python3` shows installation path
- [ ] `python3 -m pip --version` works
- [ ] `python3 -m venv test_venv` creates test environment
- [ ] Can activate test venv: `source test_venv/bin/activate`
**Clean up test:**
```bash
rm -rf test_venv
```
---
[← Back to django-project-setup](../SKILL.md)

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# Python Installation - Windows
## Check Current Version
**PowerShell or Command Prompt:**
```powershell
python --version
```
If you see Python 3.11+, you're good to go! [← Back to main skill](../SKILL.md#step-2-create-virtual-environment)
---
## Installation Methods
### Option 1: Official Python Installer (Recommended)
**Why this method:**
- Official releases from python.org
- Includes pip automatically
- Easy installation
**Steps:**
1. Visit [python.org/downloads](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
2. Click **"Download Python 3.13.x"** button
3. Run the downloaded `.exe` installer
**⚠️ CRITICAL: Check "Add Python to PATH"**
- This checkbox is at the bottom of the installer
- **Must check this box** or Python won't work from command line
4. Click "Install Now"
5. Wait for installation to complete
6. Click "Close"
**Verify installation:**
```powershell
python --version
pip --version
```
---
### Option 2: Microsoft Store (Windows 10/11)
**Why this method:**
- Easiest installation
- Automatic PATH configuration
- Auto-updates through Microsoft Store
**Steps:**
1. Open **Microsoft Store** app
2. Search for "Python 3.13"
3. Click **"Get"** or **"Install"**
4. Wait for installation
5. Restart terminal
**Verify:**
```powershell
python --version
```
---
### Option 3: Chocolatey Package Manager
**Why this method:**
- Command-line package management (like Homebrew on macOS)
- Good for automated setups
- Easy updates: `choco upgrade python`
**Install Chocolatey first:**
Open **PowerShell as Administrator** and run:
```powershell
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
```
**Install Python:**
```powershell
choco install python --version=3.13.0
```
**Verify:**
```powershell
python --version
```
---
### Option 4: Scoop Package Manager
**Why this method:**
- Lightweight package manager
- No admin rights required
- Clean installations
**Install Scoop:**
```powershell
irm get.scoop.sh | iex
```
**Install Python:**
```powershell
scoop install python
```
**Verify:**
```powershell
python --version
```
---
## Configure PATH (If Python Not Found)
### Check if Python is in PATH
**Open Command Prompt and run:**
```cmd
where python
```
**If nothing appears, Python is not in PATH.**
### Add Python to PATH Manually
**Find Python installation location:**
- Official installer: `C:\Users\<YourName>\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python313\`
- Microsoft Store: `C:\Users\<YourName>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\`
**Add to PATH:**
1. Open **Start Menu**
2. Search "Environment Variables"
3. Click **"Edit the system environment variables"**
4. Click **"Environment Variables"** button
5. Under "User variables", select **"Path"**
6. Click **"Edit"**
7. Click **"New"**
8. Add Python paths:
- `C:\Users\<YourName>\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python313\`
- `C:\Users\<YourName>\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python313\Scripts\`
9. Click **"OK"** on all dialogs
10. **Restart terminal/PowerShell**
**Verify:**
```powershell
python --version
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### Issue: `python: command not found`
**Solution 1: Use `py` launcher instead**
```powershell
py --version
py -m venv venv
```
**Solution 2: Add to PATH** (see section above)
**Solution 3: Reinstall Python**
- Uninstall current Python
- Reinstall and **check "Add Python to PATH"**
### Issue: Multiple Python versions installed
**List all versions:**
```powershell
py --list
```
**Use specific version:**
```powershell
py -3.13 --version
py -3.13 -m venv venv
```
### Issue: PowerShell Execution Policy Error
**When activating venv:**
```
venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1 : File cannot be loaded because running scripts is disabled
```
**Solution:**
```powershell
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
```
**Then retry activation:**
```powershell
venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
```
### Issue: `pip` not found
**Use python -m pip instead:**
```powershell
python -m pip --version
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
```
### Issue: Long path errors
**Enable long paths in Windows:**
Open **PowerShell as Administrator**:
```powershell
New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem" -Name "LongPathsEnabled" -Value 1 -PropertyType DWORD -Force
```
Restart computer.
---
## Using Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
**Alternative: Use Linux Python on Windows**
**Install WSL:**
```powershell
wsl --install
```
**Install Ubuntu:**
```powershell
wsl --install -d Ubuntu
```
**Then follow:** [linux-ubuntu.md](linux-ubuntu.md) for Python installation
---
## Verification Checklist
- [ ] `python --version` shows 3.11+ (or `py --version`)
- [ ] `pip --version` works (or `py -m pip --version`)
- [ ] `python -m venv test_venv` creates test environment
- [ ] Can activate test venv: `test_venv\Scripts\activate`
- [ ] Prompt shows `(test_venv)` prefix
**Clean up test:**
```powershell
rmdir /s test_venv
```
---
## Development Tools (Optional)
**Install Windows Terminal** (better than Command Prompt):
- Download from Microsoft Store
- Or: https://aka.ms/terminal
**Install Git for Windows:**
- Download from: https://git-scm.com/download/win
**Install VS Code:**
- Download from: https://code.visualstudio.com/
---
[← Back to django-project-setup](../SKILL.md)