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skills/visualization-choice-reporting/resources/template.md
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skills/visualization-choice-reporting/resources/template.md
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# Visualization Choice & Reporting Template
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Use this template to systematically choose the right chart and create a narrated report with insights and actions.
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---
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## Section 1: Question & Goal Clarification
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**What question are you answering?**
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[Be specific. Not "analyze revenue" but "How has revenue trended over the past year, and what's driving changes?"]
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**Question type (check one):**
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- [ ] Trend (How has X changed over time?)
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- [ ] Comparison (How do categories compare?)
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- [ ] Distribution (What's the spread/frequency of X?)
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- [ ] Relationship (How do X and Y relate?)
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- [ ] Composition (What are the parts of X?)
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- [ ] Geographic (Where is X happening?)
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- [ ] Hierarchical (What's the structure of X?)
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- [ ] Multivariate (How do many variables interact?)
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**Audience:**
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- [ ] Executive (wants insights + actions, simple charts)
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- [ ] Analyst (wants details, can handle complexity)
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- [ ] General stakeholder (needs context, moderate detail)
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- [ ] Technical (understands domain, wants precision)
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**Context/Constraints:**
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- Time they have: [e.g., 5 minutes to review, 30-minute presentation]
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- Medium: [e.g., email, dashboard, slide deck, printed report]
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- Key concern: [e.g., hitting targets, understanding root cause, making decision]
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---
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## Section 2: Data Profiling
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**Data source:**
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[Where is the data from? Database, CSV, API, manual collection?]
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**Time period covered:**
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[e.g., Jan-Dec 2024, Q1-Q4 2024, last 30 days]
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**Granularity:**
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[e.g., daily, weekly, monthly, by user, by transaction, aggregated]
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**Data types (for each variable):**
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| Variable | Type | Example Values | Notes |
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|----------|------|----------------|-------|
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| [e.g., Date] | Temporal | 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | Monthly aggregates |
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| [e.g., Segment] | Categorical | Enterprise, SMB | 2 categories |
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| [e.g., Revenue] | Numerical | $1.5M - $2.6M | Continuous, dollar amounts |
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**Dimensions:**
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- [ ] 1D (single metric over time or categories)
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- [ ] 2D (X vs Y, or metric by category)
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- [ ] 3D+ (multiple metrics, multiple categories, time)
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**Data size:**
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[e.g., 24 rows (2 segments × 12 months), 10K transactions, 150 countries]
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**Data quality notes:**
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[Any missing data, outliers, anomalies to be aware of?]
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---
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## Section 3: Chart Selection
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**Matched chart family (based on question type from Section 1):**
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[From Chart Selection Guide in SKILL.md - e.g., "Trend → Line chart"]
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**Specific chart type selected:**
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[e.g., Multi-line chart, Horizontal bar chart, Scatter plot with regression]
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**Rationale:**
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Why this chart?
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- **Question fit:** [How does this chart answer the question type?]
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- **Data fit:** [How does it handle your data dimensions, size, types?]
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- **Audience fit:** [Why is this appropriate for your audience's expertise/time?]
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Example rationale:
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> "Multi-line chart selected because:
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> - Question: Trend over time (perfect for line charts)
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> - Data: 2 categorical series × 12 time periods × 1 metric (line handles multiple series well)
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> - Audience: Executives need to see trend at a glance; lines show rate of change clearly; annotations highlight key events"
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**Alternatives considered (and why rejected):**
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| Alternative Chart | Why Not Selected |
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|-------------------|------------------|
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| [e.g., Stacked area] | Would obscure individual segment trends; focus is on comparison not cumulative total |
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| [e.g., Table] | Doesn't show trend visually; requires more cognitive effort to spot patterns |
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---
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## Section 4: Visualization Design
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**Essential elements:**
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- **Title (insight headline):** [Not "Revenue by Month" but "Revenue Up 30% YoY, Driven by Enterprise Segment"]
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- **Axes:**
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- X-axis: [Label with units, e.g., "Month (2024)"]
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- Y-axis: [Label with units, e.g., "Revenue ($M)"]
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- Start Y at zero? [ ] Yes (for bar/column) [ ] No (for line, if range is narrow and zero isn't meaningful)
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- **Legend/Labels:**
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- [ ] Direct labels on chart (preferred - easier to read)
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- [ ] Legend (if direct labels clutter)
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- Position: [e.g., right of chart, below chart, inline]
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- **Annotations:**
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- [ ] Key event 1: [e.g., Arrow at May 2024: "Product launch"]
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- [ ] Key event 2: [e.g., Shaded region Oct-Dec: "Enterprise sales push"]
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- [ ] Threshold line: [e.g., Horizontal line at $2.25M: "2024 target"]
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- [ ] Callout: [e.g., Label on peak: "Q4 high: $2.6M"]
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- **Colors:**
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- Primary palette: [e.g., Blue (Enterprise), Orange (SMB)]
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- Colorblind-safe? [ ] Yes [ ] No (if no, add patterns)
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- Purpose: [e.g., Blue/orange are distinguishable for red-green colorblindness]
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- **Data source & timestamp:**
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- [e.g., "Source: Analytics DB, as of 2024-11-14"]
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**Perceptual best practices applied:**
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- [ ] Use position (most accurate) over angle/area where possible
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- [ ] Remove chart junk (no 3D, no gradients, no heavy gridlines)
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- [ ] Mute non-data ink (light gray gridlines, thin axes)
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- [ ] Limit colors to 5-7 distinct hues
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- [ ] Use pre-attentive attributes (color, size, position) to highlight signal
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**Accessibility:**
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- [ ] Alt text provided: [Describe the insight: "Line chart showing revenue grew from $2M to $2.6M (30% increase) Q1-Q4 2024, with Enterprise segment contributing 80% of growth."]
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- [ ] Sufficient contrast (text readable, lines distinguishable)
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- [ ] Patterns in addition to color (if critical - dashed/solid lines, hatched fills)
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**Chart specification:**
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[Provide detailed spec, code, or embed image]
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Example spec:
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- Chart type: Multi-line chart
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- X-axis: Month (Jan, Feb, ..., Dec 2024)
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- Y-axis: Revenue ($M), range $0-$3M, gridlines every $0.5M
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- Series 1 (blue solid line): Enterprise revenue
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- Series 2 (orange solid line): SMB revenue
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- Annotations:
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- Arrow at May: "Product launch"
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- Shaded region Oct-Dec (light gray): "Enterprise initiative"
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- Horizontal dashed line at $2.25M (gray): "2024 target"
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- Direct labels: "Enterprise" at end of blue line, "SMB" at end of orange line
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- Source note: "Source: Analytics DB, as of 2024-11-14" (bottom right, small gray text)
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---
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## Section 5: Narrative Development
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Use the **Headline → Pattern → Context → Meaning → Action** framework:
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### 5.1 Headline (Insight-first one-liner)
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[Not: "This chart shows monthly revenue." But: "Revenue grew 30% YoY, driven by Enterprise segment."]
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**Your headline:**
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[Write a single sentence that captures the key insight someone should take away from this visualization]
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### 5.2 Pattern (What do you see?)
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Describe the visual pattern in the data:
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- Trends: [e.g., "Q1-Q2 flat at $2M/month, then steady climb to $2.6M in Q4"]
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- Comparisons: [e.g., "Enterprise grew 120% while SMB declined 10%"]
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- Outliers: [e.g., "August spike to $2.8M due to one-time deal"]
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- Distributions: [e.g., "Most transactions $50-$200, with long tail to $10K"]
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**Your pattern description:**
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[2-3 sentences describing what you observe in the chart]
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### 5.3 Context (Compared to what?)
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Provide benchmarks, targets, historical comparison, or industry standards:
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- vs Target: [e.g., "15% above $X plan"]
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- vs Last period: [e.g., "Q4 2023 was $2.0M, now $2.6M"]
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- vs Industry: [e.g., "Our 30% growth vs 10% industry average"]
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- vs Expectation: [e.g., "Seasonality suggests Q4 boost, but this exceeded typical 15% bump"]
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**Your context:**
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[What makes this pattern significant? What are you comparing against?]
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### 5.4 Meaning (Why does it matter?)
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Interpret what the pattern + context implies:
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- Implications: [e.g., "Suggests product-market fit in Enterprise"]
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- Diagnosis: [e.g., "SMB churn indicates pricing mismatch"]
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- Forecast: [e.g., "If sustained, Q1 2025 could hit $3M/month"]
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- Risk/Opportunity: [e.g., "Enterprise now 58% of revenue, reducing diversification"]
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**Your interpretation:**
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[1-2 sentences explaining what this means for the business/product/team]
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### 5.5 Actions (What should we do?)
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Recommend specific next steps with:
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- Priority actions: [What to do first, with owners/deadlines if possible]
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- Investigations: [What to dig into to understand better]
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- Monitoring: [What metrics to track going forward]
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**Format:**
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1. **Prioritize:** [Action with owner/timeline]
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2. **Fix/Investigate:** [Action with owner/timeline]
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3. **Monitor:** [Metrics to track]
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**Your actions:**
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1. **Prioritize:**
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2. **Fix/Investigate:**
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3. **Monitor:**
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---
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## Section 6: Full Narrative (Assembled)
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Combine Sections 5.1-5.5 into a coherent narrative:
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**Your complete narrative:**
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> **Headline:** [From 5.1]
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>
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> **Pattern:** [From 5.2]
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>
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> **Context:** [From 5.3]
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>
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> **Meaning:** [From 5.4]
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>
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> **Actions:**
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> 1. [From 5.5]
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> 2. [From 5.5]
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> 3. [From 5.5]
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---
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## Section 7: Validation Checklist
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Before delivering, self-check with these criteria:
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**Clarity**
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- [ ] Chart type clearly matches question type
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- [ ] Insight headline is clear and specific (not generic)
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- [ ] Axes labeled with units
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- [ ] Legend/labels easy to read
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- [ ] Source and timestamp provided
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**Accuracy**
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- [ ] Y-axis scale appropriate (starts at zero for bar/column, appropriate range for line)
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- [ ] No misleading visual distortions (no 3D, no truncated axes that exaggerate)
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- [ ] Data source credible and cited
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- [ ] Numbers in narrative match chart
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- [ ] Caveats noted (if any data quality issues, assumptions, or limitations)
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**Insight**
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- [ ] Pattern clearly described (not just "revenue increased" but specifics)
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- [ ] Context provided (vs benchmark, target, or history)
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- [ ] Meaning interpreted (why it matters, what it implies)
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- [ ] Insight is non-obvious (not just reading chart, but adding interpretation)
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**Actionability**
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- [ ] Specific next steps recommended (not vague "we should look into this")
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- [ ] Actions have owners/timelines (or at least clear enough to assign)
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- [ ] Actions are feasible given context
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- [ ] Monitoring metrics defined
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**Accessibility**
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- [ ] Colorblind-safe palette (or patterns added)
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- [ ] Alt text describes the insight
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- [ ] Sufficient contrast
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- [ ] Chart readable in black & white (test if printing)
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**If any critical criteria fail (Clarity, Accuracy, Insight, Actionability < 3/5), revise before delivering.**
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---
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## Section 8: Delivery Package
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Create `visualization-choice-reporting.md` with these sections:
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1. Question (from Section 1)
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2. Data Summary (source, period, granularity, dimensions, size from Section 2)
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3. Visualization (chart type, rationale, design decisions, spec from Sections 3-4)
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4. Narrative (complete narrative from Section 6)
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5. Validation (self-check with rubric from Section 7)
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6. Appendix (optional: raw data, alternatives, tests, caveats)
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---
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## Examples of Common Scenarios
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| Scenario | Question Example | Chart Type | Narrative Focus | Design Notes |
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|----------|------------------|------------|-----------------|--------------|
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| **Executive Dashboard** | How has MRR trended this quarter? | Line chart | % change, context vs target, 1-2 actions | Clean, minimal annotations, insight-first title |
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| **Analyst Deep-Dive** | Does marketing spend correlate with conversions? | Scatter + regression | Correlation strength, outliers, significance | R² annotated, outliers labeled, confidence interval |
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| **Stakeholder Report** | Which product lines growing/declining? | Horizontal bar (ranked) | Top 3 growers/decliners, portfolio implications | Color-coded (green/red), percentages labeled |
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| **Monitoring Dashboard** | How are key SaaS metrics trending? | Small multiples | Traffic light summary, items needing attention | Consistent scales, sparklines, RAG status |
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---
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## Common Pitfalls & Fixes
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**Pitfall:** Chart doesn't answer the question (e.g., table when trend is the question)
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**Fix:** Go back to Section 3, match question type to chart family
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**Pitfall:** Title is descriptive not insightful ("Revenue by Month")
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**Fix:** Lead with the insight ("Revenue Up 30% YoY")
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**Pitfall:** No context, just absolute numbers ("Revenue is $2.6M")
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**Fix:** Add benchmark ("$2.6M, 15% above $2.25M target")
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**Pitfall:** Pattern without meaning ("Revenue increased")
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**Fix:** Interpret ("Revenue up 30% suggests Enterprise PMF")
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**Pitfall:** No actions, ends with observation
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**Fix:** Recommend specific next steps (hire, investigate, monitor)
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**Pitfall:** Chart is cluttered (too many colors, gridlines, decorations)
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**Fix:** Remove chart junk, mute non-data ink, use white space
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**Pitfall:** Misleading scale (truncated Y-axis on bar chart)
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**Fix:** Start Y at zero for bar/column charts
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**Pitfall:** Pie chart with 8 slices
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**Fix:** Use horizontal bar chart (position more accurate than angle)
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