gh-k-dense-ai-claude-scientific-skills-scientific-skills/skills/perplexity-search/references/model_comparison.md

Perplexity Model Comparison

Guide to different Perplexity models available through OpenRouter and when to use each.

Available Models

All Perplexity models are accessed through OpenRouter using the format: openrouter/perplexity/[model-name]

Sonar Pro Search

Model ID: openrouter/perplexity/sonar-pro-search

Best for:

• Complex multi-step research questions
• Queries requiring deep analysis and synthesis
• Situations needing comprehensive source exploration
• Comparative analyses across multiple domains
• Research requiring agentic reasoning workflow

Characteristics:

• Most advanced agentic search system
• Executes multi-step reasoning workflows
• Uses tools and intermediate queries
• Provides most comprehensive answers
• Higher cost due to extensive processing

Use cases:

• "Conduct a comprehensive analysis of competing CAR-T cell therapy approaches, including mechanism differences, clinical outcomes, and cost-effectiveness"
• "Compare quantum computing approaches for drug discovery with traditional computational methods across multiple metrics"
• Research questions requiring synthesis from many sources

Pricing (approximate):

• Input: $3/million tokens
• Output: $15/million tokens
• Request fee: $18 per 1000 requests

Context window: 200K tokens

Sonar Pro

Model ID: openrouter/perplexity/sonar-pro

Best for:

• General-purpose research and search
• Balanced performance and cost
• Standard scientific queries
• Quick information gathering
• Most use cases

Characteristics:

• Enhanced capabilities over base Sonar
• Good balance of quality and cost
• Reliable for most queries
• Faster than Pro Search
• Recommended default choice

Use cases:

• "What are the latest developments in CRISPR base editing?"
• "Summarize recent clinical trials for Alzheimer's treatment"
• "Explain how transformer architectures work in modern LLMs"
• Standard literature searches
• Technical documentation queries

Pricing (approximate):

• Lower cost than Pro Search
• Good cost-performance ratio

Context window: 200K tokens

Sonar

Model ID: openrouter/perplexity/sonar

Best for:

• Basic searches and queries
• Cost-sensitive applications
• Simple fact-finding
• High-volume queries
• Quick lookups

Characteristics:

• Base model with solid performance
• Most cost-effective option
• Faster response times
• Good for straightforward queries
• Lower accuracy than Pro variants

Use cases:

• "What is the molecular weight of aspirin?"
• "When was CRISPR-Cas9 first used in humans?"
• "List the main symptoms of diabetes"
• Simple fact verification
• Basic information retrieval

Pricing (approximate):

• Lowest cost option
• Best for high-volume simple queries

Context window: 200K tokens

Sonar Reasoning Pro

Model ID: openrouter/perplexity/sonar-reasoning-pro

Best for:

• Complex logical reasoning tasks
• Multi-step problem solving
• Technical analysis requiring step-by-step thinking
• Mathematical or computational problems
• Queries needing explicit reasoning chains

Characteristics:

• Advanced reasoning capabilities
• Shows step-by-step thinking
• Better for analytical tasks
• Excels at technical problem-solving
• More structured outputs

Use cases:

• "Walk through the steps to design a clinical trial for testing a novel cancer therapy"
• "Analyze the computational complexity of different protein folding algorithms"
• "Reason through the molecular mechanisms linking multiple genes to a disease phenotype"
• Technical troubleshooting with multiple steps
• Logical analysis of complex systems

Pricing (approximate):

• Higher cost due to reasoning capabilities
• Worth it for complex analytical tasks

Context window: 200K tokens

Sonar Reasoning

Model ID: openrouter/perplexity/sonar-reasoning

Best for:

• Basic reasoning tasks
• Cost-effective analytical queries
• Simpler logical problems
• Step-by-step explanations

Characteristics:

• Basic reasoning capabilities
• More affordable than Reasoning Pro
• Good for moderate complexity tasks
• Shows logical thinking process

Use cases:

• "Explain the logic behind vaccine efficacy calculations"
• "Walk through basic statistical analysis steps"
• Simple analytical questions
• Educational explanations

Pricing (approximate):

• Lower cost than Reasoning Pro
• Good balance for basic reasoning

Context window: 200K tokens

Model Selection Guide

Decision Tree

Is your query complex and requiring deep multi-step analysis?
├─ YES → Use Sonar Pro Search
└─ NO → Continue

Does your query require explicit step-by-step reasoning?
├─ YES → Use Sonar Reasoning Pro (complex) or Sonar Reasoning (simple)
└─ NO → Continue

Is this a standard research or information query?
├─ YES → Use Sonar Pro (recommended default)
└─ NO → Continue

Is this a simple fact-finding or basic lookup?
├─ YES → Use Sonar (cost-effective)
└─ NO → Use Sonar Pro (safe default)

By Use Case

Use Case	Recommended Model	Alternative
Literature review	Sonar Pro	Sonar Pro Search
Quick fact check	Sonar	Sonar Pro
Complex analysis	Sonar Pro Search	Sonar Reasoning Pro
Step-by-step tutorial	Sonar Reasoning Pro	Sonar Pro
Cost-sensitive bulk queries	Sonar	Sonar Pro
General research	Sonar Pro	Sonar
Technical debugging	Sonar Reasoning Pro	Sonar Pro
Comparative analysis	Sonar Pro Search	Sonar Pro

By Domain

Biomedical Research:

• Default: Sonar Pro
• Complex mechanisms: Sonar Reasoning Pro
• Literature synthesis: Sonar Pro Search
• Quick lookups: Sonar

Computational Science:

• Default: Sonar Pro
• Algorithm analysis: Sonar Reasoning Pro
• Technical docs: Sonar Pro
• Basic syntax: Sonar

Drug Discovery:

• Default: Sonar Pro
• Multi-target analysis: Sonar Pro Search
• Mechanism reasoning: Sonar Reasoning Pro
• Compound properties: Sonar

Clinical Research:

• Default: Sonar Pro
• Trial design: Sonar Reasoning Pro
• Evidence synthesis: Sonar Pro Search
• Basic guidelines: Sonar

Performance Characteristics

Response Time

Fastest to Slowest:

1. Sonar (fastest)
2. Sonar Pro
3. Sonar Reasoning
4. Sonar Reasoning Pro
5. Sonar Pro Search (slowest, due to multi-step processing)

Considerations:

• For time-sensitive queries, use Sonar or Sonar Pro
• For comprehensive analysis, accept the slower Sonar Pro Search
• Reasoning models are slower due to explicit thinking steps

Quality vs Cost Trade-offs

Quality Hierarchy (highest to lowest):

1. Sonar Pro Search
2. Sonar Reasoning Pro
3. Sonar Pro
4. Sonar Reasoning
5. Sonar

Cost Hierarchy (most to least expensive):

1. Sonar Pro Search
2. Sonar Reasoning Pro
3. Sonar Pro
4. Sonar Reasoning
5. Sonar

Recommendation: Start with Sonar Pro as the default. Upgrade to Pro Search for complex queries, downgrade to Sonar for simple lookups.

Accuracy and Comprehensiveness

Most Comprehensive:

• Sonar Pro Search: Explores multiple sources, synthesizes deeply
• Sonar Reasoning Pro: Thorough step-by-step analysis

Most Accurate:

• Sonar Pro Search: Best source verification and cross-checking
• Sonar Pro: Reliable for most queries

Good Enough:

• Sonar: Adequate for simple facts and basic queries

Special Considerations

Context Window

All models support 200K token context windows:

• Sufficient for most queries
• Can handle long documents or multiple sources
• Consider chunking very large analyses

Temperature Settings

Different models benefit from different temperature settings:

Sonar Pro Search:

• Default: 0.2 (more focused, analytical)
• Use lower (0.0-0.1) for factual queries
• Use higher (0.3-0.5) for creative synthesis

Sonar Reasoning Pro:

• Default: 0.2
• Keep low (0.0-0.2) for logical consistency
• Reasoning quality degrades at high temperatures

Sonar Pro / Sonar:

• Default: 0.2
• Adjust based on query type (factual vs exploratory)

Rate Limits and Quotas

OpenRouter enforces rate limits:

• Check your OpenRouter dashboard for current limits
• Consider request batching for high-volume use
• Monitor costs with OpenRouter's tracking tools

API Key Security

Best practices:

• Never commit API keys to version control
• Use environment variables or .env files
• Rotate keys periodically
• Monitor usage for unexpected activity
• Use separate keys for different projects

Example Comparisons

Query: "Explain CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing"

Sonar:

• Quick overview
• Basic mechanism explanation
• ~200-300 tokens
• 1-2 sources cited
• Cost: $0.001

Sonar Pro:

• Detailed explanation
• Multiple mechanisms covered
• ~500-800 tokens
• 3-5 sources cited
• Cost: $0.003

Sonar Reasoning Pro:

• Step-by-step mechanism breakdown
• Logical flow of editing process
• ~800-1200 tokens
• Shows reasoning steps
• Cost: $0.005

Sonar Pro Search:

• Comprehensive analysis
• Multiple sources synthesized
• Historical context included
• Recent developments covered
• ~1500-2000 tokens
• 10+ sources explored
• Cost: $0.020+

Query: "What is 2+2?"

All models return accurate answer. Use Sonar for simple queries to minimize cost.

Query: "Design a clinical trial for novel immunotherapy"

Sonar:

• Basic template provided
• May miss important details
• Cost-effective but incomplete

Sonar Pro:

• Solid trial design framework
• Covers main components
• Good starting point

Sonar Reasoning Pro:

• Detailed step-by-step design
• Considers multiple factors
• Shows reasoning for each choice
• Recommended for this query type

Sonar Pro Search:

• Most comprehensive design
• Incorporates best practices from multiple sources
• Compares different approaches
• May be overkill for initial design

Summary

Default recommendation: Start with Sonar Pro for most scientific queries.

When to upgrade:

• Complex multi-step analysis → Sonar Pro Search
• Explicit reasoning needed → Sonar Reasoning Pro

When to downgrade:

• Simple facts or lookups → Sonar
• Cost-sensitive bulk queries → Sonar

Remember: The best model depends on your specific use case, budget, and quality requirements. Monitor your usage and adjust model selection based on results.