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skills/content-brief-generator/references/content_frameworks.md
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# Content Structure Frameworks
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Proven frameworks for organizing and writing compelling content.
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---
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## Overview
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Content frameworks are repeatable structures that guide writing and ensure your content achieves its goals. Use these templates to outline before writing.
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---
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## AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action)
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**Best for:** Marketing copy, sales pages, landing pages, email campaigns
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### Structure
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**1. Attention (Headline/Hook)**
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- Grab attention immediately
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- Promise a benefit
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- Create curiosity
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**2. Interest (Build engagement)**
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- Explain the problem
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- Show you understand their pain
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- Present relevant information
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**3. Desire (Create want)**
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- Show benefits and outcomes
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- Provide social proof
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- Paint a picture of success
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**4. Action (Drive conversion)**
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- Clear call-to-action
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- Remove friction
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- Create urgency
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# Stop Wasting Hours on Manual Testing [Attention]
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## Testing doesn't have to be painful [Interest]
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- Current state of manual testing
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- Why it's time-consuming
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- Hidden costs of bugs in production
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## Automated testing changes everything [Desire]
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- Save 20 hours per week
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- Catch bugs before deployment
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- Team testimonials
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- ROI calculator
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## Start automating today [Action]
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- Free trial (no credit card)
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- 5-minute setup
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- CTA button
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```
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---
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## PAS (Problem, Agitate, Solve)
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**Best for:** Blog posts, emails, social media, persuasive content
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### Structure
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**1. Problem**
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- Identify the pain point
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- Show you understand it
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- Make it relatable
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**2. Agitate**
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- Amplify the problem
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- Show consequences of inaction
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- Create urgency
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- Use emotion
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**3. Solve**
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- Present your solution
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- Show how it solves the problem
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- Provide proof
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- Call-to-action
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# Problem: Your API is slow
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- Users complain about response times
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- You're losing customers
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- You don't know why
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# Agitate: It's getting worse
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- Every 100ms delay = 1% revenue loss
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- Competitors are faster
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- Your reputation suffers
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- Engineers are overwhelmed debugging
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# Solve: Our monitoring platform
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- Real-time performance tracking
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- Identify bottlenecks instantly
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- Optimize before users notice
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- Case study: 50% faster in 2 weeks
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- CTA: Start free trial
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```
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---
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## Inverted Pyramid
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**Best for:** News articles, technical documentation, business content
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### Structure
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**1. Most important (Lead)**
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- Who, what, when, where, why (5 Ws)
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- Key information first
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- Answer main question
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**2. Supporting details**
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- Context and background
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- Additional facts
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- Quotes and data
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**3. Background information**
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- Less critical details
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- Historical context
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- Related information
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# Lead (Most important)
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Next.js 14 released today with major performance improvements:
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- 50% faster builds
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- Built-in caching
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- Server Actions stable
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# Supporting details
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- How Server Actions work
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- Performance benchmarks
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- Migration guide from v13
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- Developer quotes
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# Background
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- History of Next.js
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- Previous version features
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- Future roadmap
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```
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---
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## Storytelling Arc
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**Best for:** Case studies, brand stories, narrative content, testimonials
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### Structure
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**1. Setup (Character & Context)**
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- Introduce protagonist
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- Set the scene
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- Establish normal state
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**2. Conflict (Challenge)**
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- Problem arises
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- Stakes are established
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- Tension builds
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**3. Resolution (Solution)**
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- How problem was solved
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- Journey and obstacles
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- Transformation
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**4. Takeaway (Lesson)**
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- What was learned
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- Broader implications
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- Call-to-action
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# Setup
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- Meet Sarah, CTO of startup
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- Team of 20 engineers
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- Managing infrastructure manually
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# Conflict
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- Infrastructure costs spiraling
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- Deployment taking 4 hours
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- Engineers frustrated
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- Investors questioning spend
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# Resolution
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- Discovered our platform
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- Implemented in 2 weeks
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- Automated deployments
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- Cut costs 60%
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# Takeaway
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- Infrastructure-as-code is essential
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- Right tools unlock velocity
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- CTA: See how you can automate
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```
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---
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## How-To / Tutorial
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**Best for:** Educational content, guides, tutorials, instructions
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### Structure
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**1. Introduction**
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- What you'll learn
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- Why it matters
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- Prerequisites
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- Time estimate
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**2. Step-by-step instructions**
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- Numbered sequential steps
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- One action per step
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- Screenshots/code examples
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- Expected results
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**3. Troubleshooting**
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- Common errors
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- Solutions
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- How to get help
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**4. Conclusion**
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- What you accomplished
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- Next steps
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- Related resources
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# How to Deploy a Next.js App to Vercel
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## Introduction
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- What you'll build
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- Prerequisites: Node.js, Git, Next.js app
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- Time: 10 minutes
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## Steps
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1. Create Vercel account
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- Go to vercel.com
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- Sign up with GitHub
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- Screenshot
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2. Connect repository
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- Click "New Project"
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- Select repo
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- Screenshot
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3. Configure settings
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- Framework: Next.js
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- Build command
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- Environment variables
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4. Deploy
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- Click "Deploy"
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- Wait for build
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- View live site
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## Troubleshooting
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- Build fails: Check Node version
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- ENV vars missing: Add in settings
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## Next Steps
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- Custom domain
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- CI/CD integration
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- Performance monitoring
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```
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---
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## Listicle
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**Best for:** Top X articles, roundups, comparison posts, curated lists
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### Structure
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**1. Introduction**
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- Why this list matters
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- How items were selected
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- Quick overview
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**2. List items (typically 5-10)**
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- Each item: Title + description
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- Benefits and features
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- Examples or screenshots
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- Why it's on the list
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**3. Conclusion**
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- Summary
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- Recommendation
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- CTA
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### Listicle Types
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**Numbered (Ranked):**
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- Best to worst
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- Most to least important
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- Sequential order
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**Bulleted (Unranked):**
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- Equal weight
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- Any order
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- No hierarchy
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# 7 Essential VS Code Extensions for Python Developers
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## Introduction
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- Why VS Code for Python
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- How we selected these
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- All are free
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## List
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1. Pylance
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- What it does
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- Key features
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- Installation
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- Screenshot
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2. Python (Microsoft)
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- Core extension
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- Debugging features
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- Why it's #1
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[Continue for 7 items]
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## Conclusion
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- Start with top 3
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- Try others as needed
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- CTA: Share your favorites
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```
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---
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## Comparison / Versus
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**Best for:** Product comparisons, alternative posts, decision content
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### Structure
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**1. Introduction**
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- What's being compared
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- Why it matters
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- Quick verdict (optional)
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**2. Overview of each option**
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- Brief description
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- Key features
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- Ideal user
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**3. Head-to-head comparison**
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- Feature by feature
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- Use table format
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- Pros and cons
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**4. Use cases**
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- When to use Option A
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- When to use Option B
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- Special scenarios
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**5. Verdict**
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- Recommendation
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- Decision framework
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- CTA
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### Example Outline
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```markdown
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# React vs Vue: Which Framework to Choose in 2024
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## Introduction
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- Both are popular
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- Key differences matter
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- We'll help you decide
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## React Overview
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- Created by Facebook
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- JSX syntax
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- Large ecosystem
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- Best for: Enterprise
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## Vue Overview
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- Progressive framework
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- Template syntax
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- Gentle learning curve
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- Best for: Rapid development
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## Feature Comparison
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| Feature | React | Vue |
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|---------|-------|-----|
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| Learning curve | Steep | Gentle |
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| Performance | Excellent | Excellent |
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| Ecosystem | Huge | Growing |
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## Use Cases
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- Choose React if: Large team, TypeScript
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- Choose Vue if: Solo dev, quick prototype
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## Verdict
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- No wrong choice
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- Context matters
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- CTA: Try both with tutorial
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```
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---
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## Ultimate Guide / Pillar Content
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**Best for:** Comprehensive resources, cornerstone content, authority building
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### Structure
|
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**1. Introduction (Table of Contents)**
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- What's covered
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- Who it's for
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- How to use guide
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- Jump links to sections
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|
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**2. Fundamentals**
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- Basic concepts
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- Terminology
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- Why it matters
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**3. Deep Dive Sections**
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- Multiple major sections
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- Each could be standalone post
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- Comprehensive coverage
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|
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**4. Advanced Topics**
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- Expert-level content
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- Edge cases
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- Best practices
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|
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**5. Resources**
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- Tools and software
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- Further reading
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- Related guides
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|
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**6. FAQ**
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- Common questions
|
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- Quick answers
|
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|
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### Example Outline
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|
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```markdown
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# The Complete Guide to API Authentication (2024)
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|
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## Table of Contents
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[Jump links to all sections]
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|
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## Introduction
|
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- Why authentication matters
|
||||
- What you'll learn
|
||||
- Who this is for
|
||||
|
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## Part 1: Authentication Basics
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- What is authentication vs authorization
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- Common methods overview
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- Security principles
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|
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## Part 2: API Keys
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- How they work
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- Implementation guide
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- Pros and cons
|
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- Best practices
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|
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## Part 3: OAuth 2.0
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- OAuth flow explained
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- Implementation
|
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- Use cases
|
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- Security considerations
|
||||
|
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## Part 4: JWT Tokens
|
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- How JWT works
|
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- Implement in Node.js
|
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- Refresh tokens
|
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- Security tips
|
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## Part 5: Best Practices
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- Security checklist
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- Performance optimization
|
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- Error handling
|
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- Testing authentication
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|
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## Tools & Resources
|
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- Libraries and frameworks
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- Testing tools
|
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- Further reading
|
||||
|
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## FAQ
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- 10+ common questions
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|
||||
## Conclusion
|
||||
- Key takeaways
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- Choose right method
|
||||
- Next steps
|
||||
```
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|
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---
|
||||
|
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## Feature Announcement
|
||||
|
||||
**Best for:** Product launches, new feature releases, updates
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure
|
||||
|
||||
**1. Headline + Visual**
|
||||
- Clear announcement
|
||||
- What's new
|
||||
- Eye-catching graphic
|
||||
|
||||
**2. The Problem**
|
||||
- What users struggled with
|
||||
- Why we built this
|
||||
|
||||
**3. The Solution**
|
||||
- How feature solves it
|
||||
- Key benefits
|
||||
- Demo or video
|
||||
|
||||
**4. How It Works**
|
||||
- Step-by-step
|
||||
- Screenshots
|
||||
- Technical details
|
||||
|
||||
**5. Availability**
|
||||
- Who can use it
|
||||
- How to access
|
||||
- Pricing (if applicable)
|
||||
|
||||
**6. What's Next**
|
||||
- Future improvements
|
||||
- Feedback request
|
||||
- Related features
|
||||
|
||||
### Example Outline
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
# Introducing Real-Time Collaboration
|
||||
|
||||
[Hero image/GIF]
|
||||
|
||||
## The Problem
|
||||
- Users couldn't work together
|
||||
- Version conflicts
|
||||
- Lost changes
|
||||
|
||||
## The Solution
|
||||
- Live cursors
|
||||
- Instant updates
|
||||
- Conflict resolution
|
||||
- 50ms latency
|
||||
|
||||
## How It Works
|
||||
1. Invite team members
|
||||
2. See who's online
|
||||
3. Work simultaneously
|
||||
4. Changes sync instantly
|
||||
|
||||
## Available Now
|
||||
- All Pro plans
|
||||
- No additional cost
|
||||
- Enable in settings
|
||||
|
||||
## What's Next
|
||||
- Comments coming soon
|
||||
- Video chat integration
|
||||
- We'd love your feedback
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Thought Leadership / Opinion
|
||||
|
||||
**Best for:** Industry commentary, trend analysis, hot takes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure
|
||||
|
||||
**1. Strong Opening**
|
||||
- Contrarian take or
|
||||
- Bold prediction or
|
||||
- Provocative question
|
||||
|
||||
**2. Current State**
|
||||
- What most people think
|
||||
- Common assumptions
|
||||
- Status quo
|
||||
|
||||
**3. Your Perspective**
|
||||
- Why you disagree or
|
||||
- What others are missing
|
||||
- Your unique insight
|
||||
|
||||
**4. Evidence**
|
||||
- Data and examples
|
||||
- Trends you're seeing
|
||||
- Expert opinions
|
||||
|
||||
**5. Implications**
|
||||
- What this means
|
||||
- Who's affected
|
||||
- What should change
|
||||
|
||||
**6. Call-to-Action**
|
||||
- What readers should do
|
||||
- Discussion prompt
|
||||
- Share thoughts
|
||||
|
||||
### Example Outline
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
# Microservices Are Overrated (And Here's Why)
|
||||
|
||||
## Opening
|
||||
- Everyone wants microservices
|
||||
- Most don't need them
|
||||
- Monoliths are underrated
|
||||
|
||||
## Current State
|
||||
- Industry trends
|
||||
- Why microservices are popular
|
||||
- What blogs/consultants say
|
||||
|
||||
## My Perspective
|
||||
- Complexity costs
|
||||
- Most apps aren't at scale
|
||||
- Premature optimization
|
||||
|
||||
## Evidence
|
||||
- Case studies of failures
|
||||
- Cost analysis
|
||||
- When microservices make sense
|
||||
|
||||
## Implications
|
||||
- Start with monolith
|
||||
- Extract services later
|
||||
- Focus on business value
|
||||
|
||||
## Conclusion
|
||||
- Challenge the hype
|
||||
- Make informed decisions
|
||||
- Share your experience
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Framework Selection Guide
|
||||
|
||||
**Choose framework based on:**
|
||||
|
||||
| Goal | Best Framework |
|
||||
|------|----------------|
|
||||
| Drive conversions | AIDA, PAS |
|
||||
| Educate/inform | Inverted Pyramid, How-To |
|
||||
| Build authority | Ultimate Guide, Thought Leadership |
|
||||
| Compare options | Comparison, Listicle |
|
||||
| Tell story | Storytelling Arc |
|
||||
| Announce feature | Feature Announcement |
|
||||
|
||||
**Multiple frameworks:**
|
||||
- Can combine frameworks
|
||||
- Example: Storytelling intro + How-To body
|
||||
- Adapt to your needs
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Template for Any Framework
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
# [Compelling Title]
|
||||
|
||||
## Hook (First 100 words)
|
||||
- Grab attention
|
||||
- State problem or benefit
|
||||
- Include primary keyword
|
||||
|
||||
## Body (Main content)
|
||||
- [Apply chosen framework]
|
||||
- Use subheadings
|
||||
- Include examples
|
||||
- Add visuals
|
||||
|
||||
## Conclusion
|
||||
- Summarize key points
|
||||
- Reinforce main takeaway
|
||||
- Clear CTA
|
||||
|
||||
## Additional Resources
|
||||
- Internal links
|
||||
- External references
|
||||
- Further reading
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
**Remember:** Frameworks are starting points, not rigid rules. Adapt them to your content needs and audience.
|
||||
730
skills/content-brief-generator/references/seo_guidelines.md
Normal file
730
skills/content-brief-generator/references/seo_guidelines.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,730 @@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# SEO Guidelines for Content Briefs
|
||||
|
||||
Comprehensive SEO best practices for content writers to rank higher and drive organic traffic.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## SEO Fundamentals
|
||||
|
||||
### What is SEO?
|
||||
|
||||
**Search Engine Optimization (SEO)** is the practice of optimizing content to rank higher in search engine results pages (SERPs) and drive organic (unpaid) traffic.
|
||||
|
||||
**Key components:**
|
||||
- **Technical SEO:** Site structure, performance, indexing
|
||||
- **On-page SEO:** Content optimization, keywords, meta tags
|
||||
- **Off-page SEO:** Backlinks, domain authority, social signals
|
||||
|
||||
**This guide focuses on on-page SEO for content creation.**
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Keyword Research
|
||||
|
||||
### Finding the Right Keywords
|
||||
|
||||
**1. Start with seed keywords**
|
||||
- Your main topic or product
|
||||
- What users search for
|
||||
- Industry terminology
|
||||
|
||||
**2. Expand with keyword tools**
|
||||
- **Google Keyword Planner** (free)
|
||||
- **Ahrefs** (paid, comprehensive)
|
||||
- **SEMrush** (paid, competitive analysis)
|
||||
- **Ubersuggest** (freemium)
|
||||
- **AnswerThePublic** (question-based keywords)
|
||||
|
||||
**3. Analyze keyword metrics**
|
||||
|
||||
| Metric | What It Means | Good Target |
|
||||
|--------|---------------|-------------|
|
||||
| Search Volume | Monthly searches | 500-10K for most content |
|
||||
| Keyword Difficulty | Competition (0-100) | < 40 for newer sites |
|
||||
| CPC | Paid ad cost | Higher = more commercial |
|
||||
| SERP Features | Rich snippets, featured boxes | Opportunity to capture |
|
||||
|
||||
**4. Evaluate search intent**
|
||||
|
||||
**Types of search intent:**
|
||||
- **Informational:** "how to", "what is", "guide to"
|
||||
- **Navigational:** Brand names, specific pages
|
||||
- **Commercial:** "best", "review", "comparison"
|
||||
- **Transactional:** "buy", "price", "discount"
|
||||
|
||||
**Match content type to intent:**
|
||||
- Informational → Blog posts, guides, tutorials
|
||||
- Commercial → Reviews, comparisons, listicles
|
||||
- Transactional → Product pages, landing pages
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Keyword Strategy
|
||||
|
||||
### Primary Keyword
|
||||
**One main target keyword per piece of content**
|
||||
|
||||
**Characteristics:**
|
||||
- Relevant to topic
|
||||
- Moderate search volume (500-10K typically)
|
||||
- Achievable difficulty
|
||||
- Matches search intent
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
For a tutorial on JWT authentication:
|
||||
- Primary: "JWT authentication tutorial" (2,400/month, KD 35)
|
||||
|
||||
### Secondary Keywords
|
||||
**2-4 related keywords that support the primary**
|
||||
|
||||
**Types:**
|
||||
- Synonyms: "JSON web token tutorial"
|
||||
- Related terms: "JWT Node.js", "secure API authentication"
|
||||
- Long-tail variations: "how to implement JWT authentication"
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
- Secondary: "JSON web token Node.js", "JWT implementation guide", "API authentication tutorial"
|
||||
|
||||
### LSI Keywords (Latent Semantic Indexing)
|
||||
**Related terms that provide context**
|
||||
|
||||
**How to find:**
|
||||
- Google "related searches" at bottom of SERP
|
||||
- "People also ask" boxes
|
||||
- LSIGraph tool
|
||||
- Ahrefs "Also rank for" section
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
For JWT content: "access token", "refresh token", "bearer token", "authentication flow", "authorization header"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## On-Page SEO Elements
|
||||
|
||||
### Title Tag (H1)
|
||||
|
||||
**Requirements:**
|
||||
- Include primary keyword
|
||||
- 50-60 characters (to avoid truncation)
|
||||
- Compelling and click-worthy
|
||||
- Front-load important words
|
||||
|
||||
**Formula:**
|
||||
`[Primary Keyword]: [Benefit/Hook] | [Brand]`
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad:
|
||||
- "Authentication" (too vague)
|
||||
- "The Complete, Comprehensive, Ultimate Guide to JSON Web Token Authentication in Node.js Applications" (too long)
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good:
|
||||
- "JWT Authentication Tutorial: Secure Your Node.js API in 10 Minutes"
|
||||
- "How to Implement JWT Authentication | Complete Node.js Guide"
|
||||
|
||||
**Best practices:**
|
||||
- Use power words: "Complete", "Ultimate", "Essential", "Proven"
|
||||
- Include numbers: "10 Minutes", "5 Steps", "2024 Guide"
|
||||
- Address user intent: "How to", "Step-by-Step", "Quick Start"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Meta Description
|
||||
|
||||
**Requirements:**
|
||||
- 150-160 characters
|
||||
- Include primary keyword
|
||||
- Compelling call-to-action
|
||||
- Accurate summary
|
||||
|
||||
**Not a ranking factor but affects CTR (click-through rate)**
|
||||
|
||||
**Formula:**
|
||||
`[Problem] + [Solution] + [Benefit/CTA]`
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad:
|
||||
- "Learn about JWT authentication" (boring, no value)
|
||||
- "This article covers everything you need to know about JSON Web Tokens, including how they work, how to implement them, and best practices" (too long, truncated)
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good:
|
||||
- "Learn JWT authentication with Node.js in 10 minutes. Step-by-step tutorial with code examples. Secure your API today."
|
||||
- "Implement JWT authentication in your Node.js app. Complete guide with Express.js examples and security best practices."
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Headers (H2, H3, H4)
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose:**
|
||||
- Structure content for readability
|
||||
- Signal topic relevance to search engines
|
||||
- Improve featured snippet chances
|
||||
|
||||
**Best practices:**
|
||||
|
||||
**H2 (Main sections):**
|
||||
- Include keywords naturally
|
||||
- 3-7 H2s per article typically
|
||||
- Descriptive and scannable
|
||||
|
||||
**H3 (Subsections):**
|
||||
- Support H2 topics
|
||||
- Use long-tail keywords
|
||||
- Answer specific questions
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good header structure:
|
||||
```
|
||||
# JWT Authentication Tutorial [H1]
|
||||
|
||||
## What Is JWT Authentication? [H2 - keyword + question]
|
||||
|
||||
## How JWT Authentication Works [H2 - keyword + process]
|
||||
### The Authentication Flow [H3]
|
||||
### Access Tokens vs Refresh Tokens [H3]
|
||||
|
||||
## Implementing JWT in Node.js [H2 - keyword + action]
|
||||
### Installing Dependencies [H3]
|
||||
### Creating JWT Tokens [H3]
|
||||
### Verifying JWT Tokens [H3]
|
||||
|
||||
## JWT Security Best Practices [H2 - keyword + value]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Avoid:**
|
||||
- Generic headers: "Introduction", "Conclusion"
|
||||
- Keyword stuffing: "JWT JWT JWT Authentication"
|
||||
- Skipping heading levels (H2 → H4)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Content Body
|
||||
|
||||
**Keyword usage:**
|
||||
|
||||
**Primary keyword placement:**
|
||||
- [ ] First 100 words (important!)
|
||||
- [ ] In H1 (title)
|
||||
- [ ] In at least one H2
|
||||
- [ ] In URL slug
|
||||
- [ ] 3-5 times throughout content (naturally)
|
||||
- [ ] In conclusion
|
||||
|
||||
**Secondary keywords:**
|
||||
- [ ] Sprinkle naturally throughout
|
||||
- [ ] In H2s and H3s where relevant
|
||||
- [ ] In image alt text
|
||||
- [ ] In anchor text for internal links
|
||||
|
||||
**Keyword density:**
|
||||
- **Target: 0.5-2.5%** of total words
|
||||
- Don't obsess over exact percentage
|
||||
- Prioritize natural writing
|
||||
- Use synonyms and variations
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad (keyword stuffing):
|
||||
"JWT authentication is important. JWT authentication secures your API. Implementing JWT authentication with JWT authentication libraries makes JWT authentication easier."
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good (natural use):
|
||||
"JWT authentication provides a secure way to handle user sessions in modern APIs. This token-based approach offers several advantages over traditional session management..."
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Internal Linking
|
||||
|
||||
**Why it matters:**
|
||||
- Distributes page authority
|
||||
- Helps search engines discover pages
|
||||
- Improves user engagement
|
||||
- Reduces bounce rate
|
||||
|
||||
**Best practices:**
|
||||
- **3-5 internal links** per blog post
|
||||
- Link to relevant related content
|
||||
- Use descriptive anchor text (not "click here")
|
||||
- Link to authoritative pages
|
||||
- Create content clusters
|
||||
|
||||
**Anchor text examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad:
|
||||
- "Click here to learn more"
|
||||
- "Read this article"
|
||||
- Full URLs as anchor text
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good:
|
||||
- "Learn about [secure API design patterns](link)"
|
||||
- "Our [Node.js security guide](link) covers..."
|
||||
- "For more on [authentication vs authorization](link)..."
|
||||
|
||||
**Content clustering:**
|
||||
```
|
||||
Pillar Page: "Complete Guide to API Authentication"
|
||||
├─ Cluster: "JWT Authentication Tutorial"
|
||||
├─ Cluster: "OAuth 2.0 Implementation Guide"
|
||||
├─ Cluster: "API Key Best Practices"
|
||||
└─ Cluster: "Session vs Token Authentication"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### External Linking
|
||||
|
||||
**Why link externally:**
|
||||
- Provides value to readers
|
||||
- Signals trust and authority
|
||||
- May earn reciprocal links
|
||||
- Shows you're not keyword-focused
|
||||
|
||||
**Best practices:**
|
||||
- **2-3 external links** to authoritative sources
|
||||
- Link to original research/data
|
||||
- Link to tools/resources mentioned
|
||||
- Open in new tab (user preference)
|
||||
- Use `rel="nofollow"` for untrusted sources
|
||||
|
||||
**Authority sources:**
|
||||
- Official documentation
|
||||
- Government sites (.gov)
|
||||
- Educational institutions (.edu)
|
||||
- Industry research firms
|
||||
- Reputable publications
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Images & Alt Text
|
||||
|
||||
**SEO value:**
|
||||
- Image search traffic
|
||||
- Featured snippets with images
|
||||
- Improved user engagement
|
||||
- Accessibility (screen readers)
|
||||
|
||||
**Image optimization:**
|
||||
|
||||
**File size:**
|
||||
- Compress images (< 200KB ideal)
|
||||
- Use WebP format when possible
|
||||
- Lazy loading for below-fold images
|
||||
|
||||
**File names:**
|
||||
- Descriptive, not "IMG_1234.jpg"
|
||||
- Include keyword: "jwt-authentication-flow.png"
|
||||
- Use hyphens, not underscores
|
||||
|
||||
**Alt text:**
|
||||
- Describe image content
|
||||
- Include keyword naturally
|
||||
- 10-15 words typical
|
||||
- Don't stuff keywords
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad:
|
||||
- Alt: "image" or empty
|
||||
- File: "screenshot-2024.png"
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good:
|
||||
- Alt: "JWT authentication flow diagram showing token generation and verification"
|
||||
- File: "jwt-authentication-flow-diagram.png"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## URL Structure
|
||||
|
||||
**SEO-friendly URLs:**
|
||||
|
||||
**Best practices:**
|
||||
- **Include primary keyword**
|
||||
- **Short and descriptive** (3-5 words)
|
||||
- **Use hyphens**, not underscores
|
||||
- **Lowercase only**
|
||||
- **Avoid parameters** (?id=123)
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
|
||||
❌ Bad:
|
||||
- `/blog/post?id=12345`
|
||||
- `/blog/2024/01/15/new-post`
|
||||
- `/JWT_Authentication_Tutorial_Complete_Guide`
|
||||
|
||||
✅ Good:
|
||||
- `/jwt-authentication-tutorial`
|
||||
- `/blog/jwt-authentication-nodejs`
|
||||
- `/guides/api-authentication`
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Content Length & Quality
|
||||
|
||||
### Optimal Length
|
||||
|
||||
**General guidelines:**
|
||||
|
||||
| Content Type | Optimal Length | Rationale |
|
||||
|--------------|----------------|-----------|
|
||||
| Blog post | 1,500-2,500 words | Comprehensive coverage |
|
||||
| Tutorial | 2,000-3,000 words | Detailed instructions |
|
||||
| Listicle | 1,000-2,000 words | Quick, scannable |
|
||||
| Landing page | 500-1,000 words | Concise, conversion-focused |
|
||||
| Product page | 300-500 words | Key info only |
|
||||
|
||||
**But length isn't everything:**
|
||||
- Match top-ranking content length
|
||||
- Cover topic comprehensively
|
||||
- Don't add fluff to hit word count
|
||||
- Value > length
|
||||
|
||||
### Content Quality Signals
|
||||
|
||||
**E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trustworthiness):**
|
||||
|
||||
**Experience:**
|
||||
- First-hand knowledge
|
||||
- Personal insights
|
||||
- Real-world examples
|
||||
|
||||
**Expertise:**
|
||||
- Author credentials
|
||||
- Technical accuracy
|
||||
- Depth of coverage
|
||||
|
||||
**Authoritativeness:**
|
||||
- Backlinks from reputable sites
|
||||
- Author byline
|
||||
- Citations and references
|
||||
|
||||
**Trustworthiness:**
|
||||
- Accurate information
|
||||
- Proper citations
|
||||
- Clear sources
|
||||
- Privacy policy, contact info
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Technical SEO Checklist
|
||||
|
||||
### Page Speed
|
||||
- [ ] Page loads in < 3 seconds
|
||||
- [ ] Images optimized and compressed
|
||||
- [ ] Lazy loading implemented
|
||||
- [ ] Minified CSS/JS
|
||||
- [ ] Browser caching enabled
|
||||
|
||||
### Mobile-Friendly
|
||||
- [ ] Responsive design
|
||||
- [ ] Text readable without zooming
|
||||
- [ ] Touch targets 48x48px+
|
||||
- [ ] No horizontal scrolling
|
||||
|
||||
### Core Web Vitals
|
||||
- [ ] LCP (Largest Contentful Paint) < 2.5s
|
||||
- [ ] FID (First Input Delay) < 100ms
|
||||
- [ ] CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) < 0.1
|
||||
|
||||
### Indexing
|
||||
- [ ] Pages not blocked by robots.txt
|
||||
- [ ] XML sitemap submitted
|
||||
- [ ] Canonical tags set correctly
|
||||
- [ ] No duplicate content
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Featured Snippets & Rich Results
|
||||
|
||||
### What Are Featured Snippets?
|
||||
|
||||
**"Position 0" results** that appear above organic listings
|
||||
|
||||
**Types:**
|
||||
- **Paragraph** (definitions, answers)
|
||||
- **List** (steps, rankings)
|
||||
- **Table** (comparisons, data)
|
||||
- **Video** (tutorials)
|
||||
|
||||
### How to Win Snippets
|
||||
|
||||
**1. Target question keywords**
|
||||
- "What is", "How to", "Why does"
|
||||
- "Best", "Top", "Checklist"
|
||||
|
||||
**2. Structure for snippets**
|
||||
|
||||
**Paragraph snippets:**
|
||||
- Answer question in 40-60 words
|
||||
- Place answer directly after H2
|
||||
- Define terms clearly
|
||||
|
||||
**List snippets:**
|
||||
- Use numbered lists (for steps)
|
||||
- Use bullet lists (for items)
|
||||
- 5-8 items optimal
|
||||
|
||||
**Table snippets:**
|
||||
- Use HTML tables
|
||||
- Clear headers
|
||||
- Comparison data
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
## What Is JWT Authentication?
|
||||
|
||||
JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication is a stateless authentication method that uses cryptographically signed tokens to verify user identity. Instead of storing session data on the server, JWT embeds user information in a secure token that clients include with each request.
|
||||
|
||||
### How JWT Authentication Works:
|
||||
|
||||
1. User logs in with credentials
|
||||
2. Server validates and creates JWT
|
||||
3. Token sent to client
|
||||
4. Client includes token in requests
|
||||
5. Server verifies token signature
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Schema Markup
|
||||
|
||||
**Structured data** that helps search engines understand content
|
||||
|
||||
**Common types for content:**
|
||||
- **Article:** Blog posts, news
|
||||
- **HowTo:** Step-by-step guides
|
||||
- **FAQPage:** FAQ sections
|
||||
- **VideoObject:** Embedded videos
|
||||
- **BreadcrumbList:** Navigation
|
||||
|
||||
**Example (JSON-LD):**
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"@context": "https://schema.org",
|
||||
"@type": "Article",
|
||||
"headline": "JWT Authentication Tutorial",
|
||||
"author": {
|
||||
"@type": "Person",
|
||||
"name": "John Developer"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"datePublished": "2024-01-15",
|
||||
"image": "https://example.com/jwt-tutorial.jpg"
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Tools:**
|
||||
- [Google Rich Results Test](https://search.google.com/test/rich-results)
|
||||
- [Schema Markup Generator](https://technicalseo.com/tools/schema-markup-generator/)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## SEO Content Writing Process
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Keyword Research (1-2 hours)
|
||||
- [ ] Identify primary keyword
|
||||
- [ ] Find secondary keywords
|
||||
- [ ] Analyze top 10 results
|
||||
- [ ] Determine search intent
|
||||
- [ ] Note target word count
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Content Outline (30 min)
|
||||
- [ ] Create H2/H3 structure
|
||||
- [ ] Include keywords in headers
|
||||
- [ ] Plan internal links
|
||||
- [ ] Identify research needs
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Write First Draft (2-4 hours)
|
||||
- [ ] Write naturally first
|
||||
- [ ] Focus on value
|
||||
- [ ] Answer user questions
|
||||
- [ ] Include examples
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. SEO Optimization (30-60 min)
|
||||
- [ ] Primary keyword in first 100 words
|
||||
- [ ] Keywords in headers (natural)
|
||||
- [ ] Add internal links (3-5)
|
||||
- [ ] Add external links (2-3)
|
||||
- [ ] Optimize images and alt text
|
||||
- [ ] Write meta description
|
||||
- [ ] Check keyword density
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Quality Check (30 min)
|
||||
- [ ] Fact-check all claims
|
||||
- [ ] Verify links work
|
||||
- [ ] Read aloud for flow
|
||||
- [ ] Check readability score
|
||||
- [ ] Proofread carefully
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## SEO Tools
|
||||
|
||||
### Free Tools
|
||||
- **Google Search Console** - Monitor performance
|
||||
- **Google Analytics** - Track traffic
|
||||
- **Google Keyword Planner** - Keyword research
|
||||
- **Ubersuggest** - Limited keyword data
|
||||
- **AnswerThePublic** - Question keywords
|
||||
- **Yoast SEO (WordPress)** - On-page optimization
|
||||
|
||||
### Paid Tools
|
||||
- **Ahrefs** ($99-$999/mo) - All-in-one SEO
|
||||
- **SEMrush** ($119-$449/mo) - Comprehensive suite
|
||||
- **Surfer SEO** ($49-$199/mo) - Content optimization
|
||||
- **Clearscope** ($170+/mo) - Content intelligence
|
||||
- **MarketMuse** ($149-$600/mo) - Content planning
|
||||
|
||||
### Free Browser Extensions
|
||||
- **Keywords Everywhere** - Search volume data
|
||||
- **MozBar** - Domain authority checker
|
||||
- **SEO Meta in 1 Click** - View meta tags
|
||||
- **Detailed** - View structured data
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Common SEO Mistakes
|
||||
|
||||
### ❌ Avoid These
|
||||
|
||||
**1. Keyword stuffing**
|
||||
- Overusing keywords unnaturally
|
||||
- Hurts readability and rankings
|
||||
|
||||
**2. Thin content**
|
||||
- < 500 words without depth
|
||||
- Doesn't fully answer question
|
||||
|
||||
**3. Duplicate content**
|
||||
- Copying content across pages
|
||||
- Plagiarizing from other sites
|
||||
|
||||
**4. Ignoring mobile**
|
||||
- Non-responsive design
|
||||
- 60%+ of traffic is mobile
|
||||
|
||||
**5. Slow page speed**
|
||||
- Large uncompressed images
|
||||
- Too many scripts
|
||||
- Poor hosting
|
||||
|
||||
**6. No internal linking**
|
||||
- Isolated pages
|
||||
- Lost link equity
|
||||
|
||||
**7. Bad user experience**
|
||||
- Intrusive popups
|
||||
- Auto-playing videos
|
||||
- Difficult navigation
|
||||
|
||||
**8. Ignoring search intent**
|
||||
- Wrong content type
|
||||
- Doesn't answer query
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Measuring SEO Success
|
||||
|
||||
### Key Metrics
|
||||
|
||||
**Rankings:**
|
||||
- Track target keyword positions
|
||||
- Monitor ranking changes
|
||||
- Tool: Google Search Console, Ahrefs
|
||||
|
||||
**Organic Traffic:**
|
||||
- Sessions from organic search
|
||||
- Growth over time
|
||||
- Tool: Google Analytics
|
||||
|
||||
**Click-Through Rate (CTR):**
|
||||
- % of impressions that click
|
||||
- Improve with better titles/descriptions
|
||||
- Tool: Google Search Console
|
||||
|
||||
**Engagement:**
|
||||
- Time on page (3+ minutes good)
|
||||
- Pages per session
|
||||
- Bounce rate (< 60% good)
|
||||
|
||||
**Conversions:**
|
||||
- Goal completions from organic
|
||||
- Newsletter signups
|
||||
- Lead forms submitted
|
||||
|
||||
### Timeline for Results
|
||||
|
||||
**Realistic expectations:**
|
||||
- **Week 1-4:** Indexed, minimal movement
|
||||
- **Month 2-3:** Start ranking for long-tail
|
||||
- **Month 4-6:** Ranking for target keywords
|
||||
- **Month 6-12:** Established authority
|
||||
|
||||
**Factors affecting timeline:**
|
||||
- Domain authority
|
||||
- Competition
|
||||
- Content quality
|
||||
- Backlinks
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## SEO Checklist for Writers
|
||||
|
||||
### Before Writing
|
||||
- [ ] Keyword research complete
|
||||
- [ ] Search intent identified
|
||||
- [ ] Top 10 results analyzed
|
||||
- [ ] Target word count determined
|
||||
|
||||
### During Writing
|
||||
- [ ] Primary keyword in first 100 words
|
||||
- [ ] Keywords in H1, H2s naturally
|
||||
- [ ] Internal links planned (3-5)
|
||||
- [ ] External links identified (2-3)
|
||||
- [ ] Images with descriptive file names
|
||||
|
||||
### After Writing
|
||||
- [ ] Meta description written (150-160 chars)
|
||||
- [ ] All images have alt text
|
||||
- [ ] URL slug optimized
|
||||
- [ ] Schema markup added (if applicable)
|
||||
- [ ] Links tested
|
||||
- [ ] Readability check (Flesch score 60+)
|
||||
- [ ] Mobile preview
|
||||
- [ ] Page speed check
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Quick Reference
|
||||
|
||||
### Optimal Keyword Density
|
||||
- Primary: 0.5-2.5% of content
|
||||
- Don't force it, write naturally
|
||||
|
||||
### Word Count Targets
|
||||
- Blog: 1,500-2,500 words
|
||||
- Tutorial: 2,000-3,000 words
|
||||
- Landering page: 500-1,000 words
|
||||
|
||||
### Link Targets
|
||||
- Internal: 3-5 per post
|
||||
- External: 2-3 to authority sites
|
||||
|
||||
### Title Length
|
||||
- 50-60 characters
|
||||
- Include primary keyword
|
||||
|
||||
### Meta Description
|
||||
- 150-160 characters
|
||||
- Include keyword + CTA
|
||||
|
||||
### Image Optimization
|
||||
- < 200KB file size
|
||||
- Descriptive file name
|
||||
- Alt text 10-15 words
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
**Remember:** SEO is important, but user experience comes first. Write for humans, optimize for search engines.
|
||||
690
skills/content-brief-generator/references/tone_voice_guide.md
Normal file
690
skills/content-brief-generator/references/tone_voice_guide.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
|
||||
# Tone & Voice Guide
|
||||
|
||||
Complete guide to developing and maintaining consistent voice and tone in your content.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Voice vs. Tone
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice
|
||||
**Your brand's personality** - consistent across all content
|
||||
|
||||
**Think of it as:**
|
||||
- Who you are as a brand
|
||||
- Your character
|
||||
- Never changes
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
- Mailchimp: "Friendly, helpful, human"
|
||||
- Stripe: "Direct, technical, trustworthy"
|
||||
- Nike: "Inspirational, motivational, bold"
|
||||
|
||||
### Tone
|
||||
**How voice adapts** to context - changes based on situation
|
||||
|
||||
**Think of it as:**
|
||||
- Your emotional state
|
||||
- How you say something
|
||||
- Varies by context
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
- **Error message:** Apologetic, helpful
|
||||
- **Success message:** Congratulatory, encouraging
|
||||
- **Technical docs:** Professional, precise
|
||||
- **Marketing:** Enthusiastic, persuasive
|
||||
|
||||
**Analogy:**
|
||||
Voice = Your personality
|
||||
Tone = Your mood
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Defining Your Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice Attributes Framework
|
||||
|
||||
Choose 3-4 core attributes that define your brand voice:
|
||||
|
||||
**The Spectrum:**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Formal ←────────────→ Casual
|
||||
Serious ←────────────→ Funny
|
||||
Respectful ←────────────→ Irreverent
|
||||
Enthusiastic ←────────────→ Matter-of-fact
|
||||
Traditional ←────────────→ Innovative
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Example Voice Definitions
|
||||
|
||||
**Mailchimp:**
|
||||
- Friendly but not silly
|
||||
- Clever but not overly witty
|
||||
- Helpful but not overbearing
|
||||
- Expert but not bossy
|
||||
|
||||
**Slack:**
|
||||
- Professional but approachable
|
||||
- Technical but not intimidating
|
||||
- Playful but not childish
|
||||
- Direct but not cold
|
||||
|
||||
**Atlassian:**
|
||||
- Straightforward and honest
|
||||
- Enthusiastically professional
|
||||
- Conversational yet informative
|
||||
- Smart but not condescending
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Voice Dimensions
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Formality
|
||||
|
||||
**Formal:**
|
||||
- Professional language
|
||||
- Complete sentences
|
||||
- No contractions
|
||||
- Third person
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"The application has been successfully deployed to the production environment."
|
||||
|
||||
**Casual:**
|
||||
- Conversational language
|
||||
- Contractions okay
|
||||
- First/second person
|
||||
- Shorter sentences
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"You're all set! Your app is live."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Formal: Legal, compliance, enterprise docs
|
||||
- Casual: Blogs, social media, onboarding
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Enthusiasm
|
||||
|
||||
**Highly Enthusiastic:**
|
||||
- Exclamation points
|
||||
- Superlatives (amazing, incredible)
|
||||
- Energy and excitement
|
||||
- Emojis (in appropriate contexts)
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"This is amazing! You just saved 10 hours of work. Let's celebrate! 🎉"
|
||||
|
||||
**Neutral/Matter-of-fact:**
|
||||
- Period instead of exclamation
|
||||
- Factual statements
|
||||
- No hyperbole
|
||||
- Professional tone
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"The task has been completed successfully. You saved 10 hours."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Enthusiastic: Consumer products, celebrations, achievements
|
||||
- Neutral: Technical docs, business content, data reports
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Technical Level
|
||||
|
||||
**Highly Technical:**
|
||||
- Industry jargon
|
||||
- Assumes expert knowledge
|
||||
- Technical accuracy paramount
|
||||
- Detailed specifications
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"The WebSocket connection establishes a persistent, full-duplex communication channel over a single TCP connection."
|
||||
|
||||
**Accessible:**
|
||||
- Plain language
|
||||
- Explain jargon
|
||||
- Analogies and examples
|
||||
- Beginner-friendly
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"WebSockets let your app and server talk back and forth in real-time, like a phone call instead of sending letters."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Technical: API docs, developer tools, architecture guides
|
||||
- Accessible: Getting started guides, general audience, marketing
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Humor
|
||||
|
||||
**Funny/Playful:**
|
||||
- Jokes and puns
|
||||
- Pop culture references
|
||||
- Light-hearted
|
||||
- Personality shines
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"Oops! Looks like something went wrong. Our bad. We're on it faster than you can say 'Have you tried turning it off and on again?'"
|
||||
|
||||
**Serious:**
|
||||
- Professional
|
||||
- No jokes
|
||||
- Straightforward
|
||||
- Business-like
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"An error has occurred. Our team has been notified and is working to resolve the issue."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Playful: Consumer brands, creative industries, social media
|
||||
- Serious: Financial services, healthcare, legal, critical errors
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Writing in Your Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice Checklist
|
||||
|
||||
For every piece of content, ask:
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] **Does this sound like us?** (matches voice attributes)
|
||||
- [ ] **Is it consistent** with previous content?
|
||||
- [ ] **Would our audience recognize us** without our logo?
|
||||
- [ ] **Does it feel authentic** or forced?
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice Examples by Sentence
|
||||
|
||||
**Same content, different voices:**
|
||||
|
||||
**Topic: User made an error**
|
||||
|
||||
**Mailchimp (friendly, helpful):**
|
||||
"Oops! It looks like that email address isn't quite right. Try checking for typos?"
|
||||
|
||||
**Stripe (direct, technical):**
|
||||
"Invalid email format. Use format: user@example.com"
|
||||
|
||||
**Innocent (playful, quirky):**
|
||||
"That email address looks a bit wonky. Give it another go?"
|
||||
|
||||
**IBM (formal, professional):**
|
||||
"The email address entered is invalid. Please verify and try again."
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Adapting Tone
|
||||
|
||||
### Tone Guidelines by Context
|
||||
|
||||
| Context | Tone | Example |
|
||||
|---------|------|---------|
|
||||
| **Error message** | Apologetic, helpful | "Sorry about that! Here's how to fix it..." |
|
||||
| **Success** | Encouraging | "Nice work! You're all set." |
|
||||
| **Warning** | Urgent but calm | "Action required: Your payment failed." |
|
||||
| **Education** | Patient, clear | "Let's walk through this together." |
|
||||
| **Marketing** | Persuasive, exciting | "Transform your workflow in minutes!" |
|
||||
| **Legal** | Formal, precise | "By continuing, you agree to the terms." |
|
||||
| **Support** | Empathetic, solution-focused | "I understand this is frustrating. Let's solve it." |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Person & Perspective
|
||||
|
||||
### First Person (We, Our)
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Brand speaking
|
||||
- Company announcements
|
||||
- Team perspective
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"We're excited to announce our new feature. We built this based on your feedback."
|
||||
|
||||
**Pros:**
|
||||
- Personal connection
|
||||
- Shows team behind brand
|
||||
- Takes ownership
|
||||
|
||||
**Cons:**
|
||||
- Can feel self-focused
|
||||
- Less about user
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Second Person (You, Your)
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Most common
|
||||
- User instructions
|
||||
- Direct communication
|
||||
- Marketing copy
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"You can now collaborate in real-time. Your team will love it."
|
||||
|
||||
**Pros:**
|
||||
- User-focused
|
||||
- Clear and direct
|
||||
- Creates connection
|
||||
|
||||
**Cons:**
|
||||
- Can feel pushy if overused
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Third Person (They, User, Customer)
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Documentation
|
||||
- Objective content
|
||||
- Case studies about others
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"The user navigates to settings. The system validates their credentials."
|
||||
|
||||
**Pros:**
|
||||
- Professional
|
||||
- Objective
|
||||
- Clear for documentation
|
||||
|
||||
**Cons:**
|
||||
- Less personal
|
||||
- Can feel distant
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Active vs. Passive Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Active Voice (Preferred)
|
||||
|
||||
**Structure:** Subject performs action
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
- "You can deploy your app in minutes."
|
||||
- "The system processes your request."
|
||||
- "Click the button to continue."
|
||||
|
||||
**Why use:**
|
||||
- Clearer
|
||||
- More direct
|
||||
- Easier to read
|
||||
- Stronger
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Passive Voice (Avoid Usually)
|
||||
|
||||
**Structure:** Action performed on subject
|
||||
|
||||
**Examples:**
|
||||
- "Your app can be deployed in minutes."
|
||||
- "Your request is processed by the system."
|
||||
- "The button should be clicked to continue."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Actor unknown: "The server was restarted."
|
||||
- Actor irrelevant: "The file was deleted."
|
||||
- Soften message: "An error was encountered."
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Sentence Structure
|
||||
|
||||
### Short Sentences
|
||||
- Easy to read
|
||||
- Scannable
|
||||
- Mobile-friendly
|
||||
- Clear
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"Deploy your app fast. No config needed. It just works."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Headlines
|
||||
- Key points
|
||||
- Mobile content
|
||||
- Emphasis
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Varied Length
|
||||
- More natural
|
||||
- Maintains interest
|
||||
- Provides rhythm
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
"Deploy your app fast. No configuration needed, no complicated setup process, no hours wasted on devops. It just works."
|
||||
|
||||
**When to use:**
|
||||
- Blog posts
|
||||
- Long-form content
|
||||
- Storytelling
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Word Choice
|
||||
|
||||
### Simple vs. Complex
|
||||
|
||||
**Prefer simple:**
|
||||
- Use vs. utilize
|
||||
- Help vs. assist
|
||||
- Buy vs. purchase
|
||||
- Start vs. commence
|
||||
- Show vs. demonstrate
|
||||
|
||||
**Exception:** Technical accuracy requires specific terms
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Positive vs. Negative
|
||||
|
||||
**Positive framing (preferred):**
|
||||
- "Remember your password"
|
||||
- "Include your address"
|
||||
- "Make sure to save"
|
||||
|
||||
**Negative framing (avoid):**
|
||||
- "Don't forget your password"
|
||||
- "Don't leave out your address"
|
||||
- "Don't lose your work"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Concrete vs. Abstract
|
||||
|
||||
**Concrete (preferred):**
|
||||
- "Save 10 hours per week"
|
||||
- "Deploy in 5 minutes"
|
||||
- "99.9% uptime"
|
||||
|
||||
**Abstract (avoid):**
|
||||
- "Save time"
|
||||
- "Fast deployment"
|
||||
- "Reliable service"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Common Writing Guidelines
|
||||
|
||||
### Contractions
|
||||
|
||||
**Use them for conversational tone:**
|
||||
- Don't vs. Do not
|
||||
- You're vs. You are
|
||||
- We've vs. We have
|
||||
|
||||
**Skip them for:**
|
||||
- Legal content
|
||||
- Very formal contexts
|
||||
- When emphasis needed: "Do not delete this"
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Exclamation Points
|
||||
|
||||
**Use sparingly:**
|
||||
- Celebrations and achievements
|
||||
- Very exciting news
|
||||
- Strong emphasis
|
||||
|
||||
**Limit to:**
|
||||
- Once per paragraph max
|
||||
- Never multiple (!!!)
|
||||
- Not in B2B formal content
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Emojis
|
||||
|
||||
**When appropriate:**
|
||||
- Consumer brands
|
||||
- Casual social media
|
||||
- Internal communications
|
||||
- In-app celebrations
|
||||
|
||||
**Avoid in:**
|
||||
- Enterprise B2B
|
||||
- Documentation
|
||||
- Legal/compliance
|
||||
- Serious topics
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Brand Voice Examples
|
||||
|
||||
### Technology/Developer Tools
|
||||
|
||||
**Stripe:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Direct, technical, trustworthy
|
||||
- **Example:** "Accept payments in minutes. Get started with a few lines of code."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Developers want clarity and speed
|
||||
|
||||
**Vercel:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Modern, enthusiastic, technical
|
||||
- **Example:** "Deploy your Next.js app. It's crazy fast."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Balances technical and excitement
|
||||
|
||||
**Twilio:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Friendly, technical, empowering
|
||||
- **Example:** "Build the future of communications. We make it simple."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Technical but approachable
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Consumer Products
|
||||
|
||||
**Mailchimp:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Friendly, helpful, sometimes quirky
|
||||
- **Example:** "That email looks a bit wonky. Want to check it?"
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Makes tedious tasks feel human
|
||||
|
||||
**Slack:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Professional-casual, helpful, clear
|
||||
- **Example:** "Work, simplified. Your team will thank you."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Professional without being stuffy
|
||||
|
||||
**Headspace:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Calm, supportive, encouraging
|
||||
- **Example:** "Take a moment for yourself. You deserve it."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Matches meditation/wellness mission
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Enterprise/B2B
|
||||
|
||||
**Salesforce:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Professional, empowering, visionary
|
||||
- **Example:** "Transform your business. Connect with customers in a whole new way."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Aspirational but credible
|
||||
|
||||
**Atlassian:**
|
||||
- **Voice:** Straightforward, enthusiastic, smart
|
||||
- **Example:** "Teamwork doesn't have to be hard. Let's make it easier."
|
||||
- **Why it works:** Acknowledges real problems, offers solutions
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Developing Your Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 1: Define Core Attributes
|
||||
|
||||
Choose 3-4 from these dimensions:
|
||||
|
||||
**Formality:**
|
||||
- Formal, professional, casual, conversational
|
||||
|
||||
**Humor:**
|
||||
- Serious, playful, witty, irreverent
|
||||
|
||||
**Enthusiasm:**
|
||||
- Energetic, neutral, understated
|
||||
|
||||
**Technical:**
|
||||
- Expert, accessible, simple
|
||||
|
||||
**Empathy:**
|
||||
- Warm, neutral, distant
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 2: Create Voice Chart
|
||||
|
||||
| Attribute | We are | We are not | Example |
|
||||
|-----------|---------|------------|---------|
|
||||
| Professional | Clear and helpful | Stuffy or robotic | "Here's how to..." not "One must..." |
|
||||
| Friendly | Warm and welcoming | Overly casual | "Welcome!" not "Sup!" |
|
||||
| Technical | Accurate and precise | Jargon-heavy | Explain terms first time |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 3: Write Examples
|
||||
|
||||
For each voice attribute, write before/after examples:
|
||||
|
||||
**Before (generic):**
|
||||
"Our platform provides solutions for your business needs."
|
||||
|
||||
**After (our voice - direct, technical, helpful):**
|
||||
"Deploy your apps faster with built-in CI/CD and automatic scaling."
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 4: Create Voice Guidelines
|
||||
|
||||
Document:
|
||||
- [ ] Core voice attributes (3-4)
|
||||
- [ ] Do's and don'ts
|
||||
- [ ] Example sentences
|
||||
- [ ] Tone by context
|
||||
- [ ] Word choice preferences
|
||||
- [ ] Grammar rules (contractions, etc.)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Testing Your Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice Consistency Check
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Remove branding** from 5 pieces of content
|
||||
2. **Mix with competitors'** content
|
||||
3. **Can people identify yours?**
|
||||
|
||||
If yes → Voice is distinctive
|
||||
If no → Need stronger voice
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Reader Feedback
|
||||
|
||||
Ask your audience:
|
||||
- How would you describe our voice?
|
||||
- Does it match your expectations?
|
||||
- What do you like/dislike?
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Maintaining Voice
|
||||
|
||||
### Team Alignment
|
||||
|
||||
**Onboarding:**
|
||||
- Share voice guidelines
|
||||
- Review examples
|
||||
- Practice exercises
|
||||
|
||||
**Review Process:**
|
||||
- Check content against voice guidelines
|
||||
- Provide specific feedback
|
||||
- Create a voice champion
|
||||
|
||||
**Documentation:**
|
||||
- Voice guidelines in shared doc
|
||||
- Examples library
|
||||
- Regular updates
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
### Voice Evolution
|
||||
|
||||
**When to evolve:**
|
||||
- Rebranding
|
||||
- New audience
|
||||
- Company maturity
|
||||
- Market shift
|
||||
|
||||
**How to evolve:**
|
||||
- Document changes
|
||||
- Transition gradually
|
||||
- Update guidelines
|
||||
- Train team
|
||||
|
||||
**What to keep:**
|
||||
- Core personality
|
||||
- Brand values
|
||||
- Recognition
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Voice Guidelines Template
|
||||
|
||||
```markdown
|
||||
# [Brand] Voice & Tone Guide
|
||||
|
||||
## Our Voice
|
||||
|
||||
[Brand] sounds [attribute], [attribute], and [attribute].
|
||||
|
||||
### Core Attributes
|
||||
|
||||
**1. [Attribute Name]**
|
||||
- What it means: [Description]
|
||||
- We are: [Example]
|
||||
- We're not: [Counter-example]
|
||||
|
||||
**2. [Attribute Name]**
|
||||
[Repeat]
|
||||
|
||||
**3. [Attribute Name]**
|
||||
[Repeat]
|
||||
|
||||
## Grammar & Mechanics
|
||||
|
||||
- Contractions: [Yes/No]
|
||||
- Exclamation points: [Use sparingly/Never/Frequently]
|
||||
- Emojis: [Appropriate contexts]
|
||||
- Person: [First/Second/Third]
|
||||
- Active voice: [Always/Usually/Varies]
|
||||
|
||||
## Tone by Context
|
||||
|
||||
| Context | Tone | Example |
|
||||
|---------|------|---------|
|
||||
| Error | Apologetic | "Sorry about that..." |
|
||||
| Success | Encouraging | "Nice work!" |
|
||||
| Documentation | Clear | "Follow these steps:" |
|
||||
|
||||
## Word Choices
|
||||
|
||||
**Preferred:**
|
||||
- [Word 1] over [Word 2]
|
||||
- [Word 3] over [Word 4]
|
||||
|
||||
**Avoid:**
|
||||
- [Words/phrases to avoid]
|
||||
|
||||
## Examples
|
||||
|
||||
### Good Examples
|
||||
[3-5 examples that nail the voice]
|
||||
|
||||
### Before/After
|
||||
**Before:** [Generic version]
|
||||
**After:** [Our voice version]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
**Remember:** Your voice should feel authentic, not forced. If it doesn't feel like "you," it won't resonate with your audience.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user