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skills/implementing-query-pagination/references/performance-comparison.md

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+# Performance Comparison
+
+## Benchmark: 500k Posts
+
+**Cursor Pagination (id index):**
+- Page 1: 8ms
+- Page 100: 9ms
+- Page 1000: 10ms
+- Page 10000: 11ms
+- **Stable performance**
+
+**Offset Pagination (createdAt index):**
+- Page 1: 7ms
+- Page 100: 95ms
+- Page 1000: 890ms
+- Page 10000: 8,900ms
+- **Linear degradation**
+
+## Memory Usage
+
+Both approaches:
+- Load only pageSize records into memory
+- Similar memory footprint for same page size
+- Database performs filtering/sorting
+
+## Database Load
+
+**Cursor:**
+- Index scan from cursor position
+- Reads pageSize + 1 rows (for hasMore check)
+
+**Offset:**
+- Index scan from beginning
+- Skips offset rows (database work, not returned)
+- Reads pageSize rows
+
+## Optimization Guidelines
+
+1. **Always add indexes** on ordering fields
+2. **Test with realistic data volumes** before production
+3. **Monitor query performance** in production
+4. **Cache total counts** for offset pagination when possible
+5. **Use cursor by default** unless specific requirements demand offset