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Zhongwei Li
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---
name: conventional-commits
description: "Format git commit messages following Conventional Commits 1.0.0 specification. Use when the user asks to commit changes, create a git commit, or mentions committing code. Ensures consistent, semantic commit messages that support automated changelog generation and semantic versioning."
license: MIT
---
# Conventional Commits
Format all git commit messages according to the [Conventional Commits 1.0.0](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) specification.
## Commit Message Format
```
<type>[optional scope]: <description>
[optional body]
[optional footer(s)]
```
## Type Reference
| Type | When to Use | SemVer |
|------|-------------|--------|
| `feat` | New feature | MINOR |
| `fix` | Bug fix | PATCH |
| `docs` | Documentation only | - |
| `style` | Formatting, whitespace (no code change) | - |
| `refactor` | Code restructuring (no feature/fix) | - |
| `perf` | Performance improvement | - |
| `test` | Adding/fixing tests | - |
| `build` | Build system, dependencies | - |
| `ci` | CI/CD configuration | - |
| `chore` | Maintenance, tooling | - |
| `revert` | Reverting previous commit | - |
## Decision Framework
When determining commit type, ask:
- Does it add new functionality? → `feat`
- Does it fix broken functionality? → `fix`
- Does it only affect documentation? → `docs`
- Does it improve performance? → `perf`
- Does it restructure code without changing behavior? → `refactor`
- Does it only change code style/formatting? → `style`
- Does it add/modify tests? → `test`
- Does it change build system or dependencies? → `build`
- Does it change CI/CD configuration? → `ci`
- Is it maintenance or tooling? → `chore`
## Message Best Practices
### Description (first line)
- Keep under 50 characters
- Use imperative mood ("add" not "added")
- Don't capitalize first letter
- No period at end
### Scope
- Use clear, consistent names: `feat(auth):`, `fix(api):`, `docs(readme):`
### Body
- Include when change requires explanation
- Explain why the change was made
- Describe what problem it solves
- Wrap at 72 characters per line
### Footers
- `Fixes #123` - Reference issues
- `Co-authored-by: Name <email>` - Credit contributors
- `BREAKING CHANGE: description` - Breaking changes
- `Refs: #456, #789` - Related issues
## Breaking Changes
Indicate breaking changes using either method:
```
feat!: remove deprecated API endpoint
feat(api)!: change authentication flow
fix: update validation logic
BREAKING CHANGE: validation now rejects empty strings
```
## Command Execution
**Critical**: Use single quotes to avoid shell escaping issues with `!`:
```bash
# Correct - single quotes
git commit -m 'feat!: add new authentication flow'
# Incorrect - backslash escaping (DO NOT USE)
git commit -m "feat\!: add new authentication flow"
```
For multi-line messages, use HEREDOC:
```bash
git commit -m "$(cat <<'EOF'
feat(auth): add OAuth2 support
Implement OAuth2 authentication flow with support for
Google and GitHub providers.
BREAKING CHANGE: removes legacy session-based auth
EOF
)"
```
## Workflow
1. Check for staged changes: `git diff --cached --stat`
2. If nothing staged: stage with `git add` first
3. Review changes: `git diff --cached`
4. Check recent style: `git log --oneline -5`
5. Determine type using decision framework
6. Write message following best practices
7. Execute commit with single quotes
8. Verify: `git log -1`
## Quality Checks
Before committing, verify:
- [ ] Message accurately describes the changes
- [ ] Type correctly categorizes the change
- [ ] Scope (if used) is meaningful and consistent
- [ ] Breaking changes are properly marked with `!` or footer
- [ ] Description is clear and under 50 characters
- [ ] Body wraps at 72 characters (if present)
## Examples
**Simple fix:**
```
fix: prevent null pointer in user lookup
```
**Feature with scope:**
```
feat(api): add rate limiting to endpoints
```
**With body:**
```
refactor: extract validation into separate module
Move validation logic from controllers to dedicated
validator classes for better testability and reuse.
```
**Breaking change:**
```
feat!: upgrade to v2 API format
BREAKING CHANGE: response structure changed from
{data: [...]} to {items: [...], meta: {...}}
```
**With issue reference:**
```
fix(auth): resolve token refresh race condition
Fixes #234
```
## Full Specification
For the complete Conventional Commits 1.0.0 specification including all rules and FAQ, see [references/full-spec.md](references/full-spec.md).