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Zhongwei Li
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skills/symfony-skill/references/testing-complete.md
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811
skills/symfony-skill/references/testing-complete.md
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# Symfony Testing Complete Guide
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## Test Environment Setup
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### Configuration
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```yaml
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# config/packages/test/framework.yaml
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framework:
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test: true
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session:
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storage_factory_id: session.storage.factory.mock_file
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# config/packages/test/doctrine.yaml
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doctrine:
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dbal:
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url: '%env(resolve:DATABASE_URL_TEST)%'
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```
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### Test Database Setup
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```bash
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# Create test database
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php bin/console doctrine:database:create --env=test
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# Run migrations
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php bin/console doctrine:migrations:migrate --env=test --no-interaction
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# Load fixtures
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php bin/console doctrine:fixtures:load --env=test --no-interaction
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```
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## Unit Testing
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### Testing Services
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Service;
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use App\Service\PriceCalculator;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
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class PriceCalculatorTest extends TestCase
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{
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private PriceCalculator $calculator;
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protected function setUp(): void
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{
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$this->calculator = new PriceCalculator();
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}
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public function testCalculatePrice(): void
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{
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$result = $this->calculator->calculate(100, 0.2, 10);
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$this->assertEquals(110, $result);
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}
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/**
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* @dataProvider priceProvider
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*/
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public function testCalculatePriceWithDataProvider(
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float $basePrice,
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float $tax,
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float $discount,
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float $expected
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): void {
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$result = $this->calculator->calculate($basePrice, $tax, $discount);
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$this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
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}
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public function priceProvider(): array
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{
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return [
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'with tax and discount' => [100, 0.2, 10, 110],
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'no tax' => [100, 0, 10, 90],
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'no discount' => [100, 0.2, 0, 120],
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'zero price' => [0, 0.2, 10, 0],
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];
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}
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public function testCalculatePriceThrowsExceptionForNegativePrice(): void
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{
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$this->expectException(\InvalidArgumentException::class);
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$this->expectExceptionMessage('Price cannot be negative');
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$this->calculator->calculate(-10, 0.2, 0);
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}
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}
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```
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### Testing Entities
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Entity;
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use App\Entity\Product;
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use App\Entity\Category;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
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class ProductTest extends TestCase
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{
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public function testGettersAndSetters(): void
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{
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$product = new Product();
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$product->setName('Test Product');
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$this->assertEquals('Test Product', $product->getName());
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$product->setPrice(99.99);
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$this->assertEquals(99.99, $product->getPrice());
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$category = new Category();
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$category->setName('Electronics');
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$product->setCategory($category);
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$this->assertSame($category, $product->getCategory());
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}
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public function testProductValidation(): void
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{
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$product = new Product();
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// Test required fields
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$this->assertNull($product->getName());
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// Test default values
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$this->assertTrue($product->isActive());
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$this->assertEquals(0, $product->getStock());
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}
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public function testProductSlugGeneration(): void
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{
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$product = new Product();
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$product->setName('Test Product Name');
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$this->assertEquals('test-product-name', $product->getSlug());
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}
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}
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```
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## Functional Testing
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### Testing Controllers
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Controller;
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use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;
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use App\Repository\UserRepository;
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class ProductControllerTest extends WebTestCase
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{
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public function testIndexPageIsSuccessful(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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$client->request('GET', '/products');
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$this->assertResponseIsSuccessful();
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$this->assertSelectorTextContains('h1', 'Products');
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}
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public function testShowProduct(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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$client->request('GET', '/products/1');
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$this->assertResponseIsSuccessful();
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$this->assertSelectorExists('.product-details');
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}
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public function testCreateProductRequiresAuthentication(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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$client->request('GET', '/products/new');
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$this->assertResponseRedirects('/login');
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}
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public function testCreateProductAsAuthenticatedUser(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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// Authenticate user
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$userRepository = static::getContainer()->get(UserRepository::class);
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$testUser = $userRepository->findOneByEmail('admin@example.com');
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$client->loginUser($testUser);
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// Access protected page
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$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/products/new');
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$this->assertResponseIsSuccessful();
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// Fill and submit form
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$form = $crawler->selectButton('Save')->form([
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'product[name]' => 'Test Product',
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'product[price]' => '99.99',
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'product[description]' => 'Test description',
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]);
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$client->submit($form);
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$this->assertResponseRedirects('/products');
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// Follow redirect
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$client->followRedirect();
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$this->assertSelectorTextContains('.alert-success', 'Product created successfully');
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}
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}
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```
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### Testing Forms
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Form;
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use App\Form\ProductType;
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use App\Entity\Product;
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use Symfony\Component\Form\Test\TypeTestCase;
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class ProductTypeTest extends TypeTestCase
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{
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public function testSubmitValidData(): void
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{
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$formData = [
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'name' => 'Test Product',
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'price' => 99.99,
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'description' => 'Test description',
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'stock' => 10,
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];
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$model = new Product();
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$form = $this->factory->create(ProductType::class, $model);
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$expected = new Product();
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$expected->setName('Test Product');
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$expected->setPrice(99.99);
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$expected->setDescription('Test description');
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$expected->setStock(10);
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$form->submit($formData);
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$this->assertTrue($form->isSynchronized());
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$this->assertEquals($expected->getName(), $model->getName());
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$this->assertEquals($expected->getPrice(), $model->getPrice());
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$view = $form->createView();
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$children = $view->children;
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foreach (array_keys($formData) as $key) {
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$this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $children);
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## Integration Testing
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### Testing API Endpoints
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Api;
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use ApiPlatform\Symfony\Bundle\Test\ApiTestCase;
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use App\Entity\Product;
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class ProductApiTest extends ApiTestCase
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{
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public function testGetCollection(): void
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{
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$response = static::createClient()->request('GET', '/api/products');
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$this->assertResponseIsSuccessful();
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$this->assertResponseHeaderSame('content-type', 'application/ld+json; charset=utf-8');
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$this->assertJsonContains([
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'@context' => '/api/contexts/Product',
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'@id' => '/api/products',
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'@type' => 'hydra:Collection',
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]);
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$this->assertCount(30, $response->toArray()['hydra:member']);
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}
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public function testCreateProduct(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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// Authenticate
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$token = $this->getToken($client);
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$response = $client->request('POST', '/api/products', [
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'headers' => [
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'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . $token,
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'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
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],
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'json' => [
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'name' => 'New Product',
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'price' => 149.99,
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'description' => 'A new product',
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],
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]);
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$this->assertResponseStatusCodeSame(201);
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$this->assertResponseHeaderSame('content-type', 'application/ld+json; charset=utf-8');
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$this->assertJsonContains([
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'@type' => 'Product',
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'name' => 'New Product',
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'price' => 149.99,
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]);
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}
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public function testUpdateProduct(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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$iri = $this->findIriBy(Product::class, ['id' => 1]);
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$client->request('PUT', $iri, [
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'json' => [
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'price' => 199.99,
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],
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]);
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$this->assertResponseIsSuccessful();
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$this->assertJsonContains([
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'@id' => $iri,
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'price' => 199.99,
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]);
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}
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public function testDeleteProduct(): void
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{
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$client = static::createClient();
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$iri = $this->findIriBy(Product::class, ['id' => 1]);
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$client->request('DELETE', $iri);
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$this->assertResponseStatusCodeSame(204);
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// Verify deletion
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$this->assertNull(
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static::getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getRepository(Product::class)->find(1)
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);
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}
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private function getToken($client): string
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{
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$response = $client->request('POST', '/api/login', [
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'json' => [
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'email' => 'admin@example.com',
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'password' => 'password123',
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],
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]);
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return $response->toArray()['token'];
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}
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}
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```
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### Testing Services with Database
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Service;
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use App\Service\OrderService;
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use App\Entity\Order;
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use App\Entity\Product;
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use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase;
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class OrderServiceTest extends KernelTestCase
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{
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private ?OrderService $orderService;
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private ?\Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager $entityManager;
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protected function setUp(): void
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{
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$kernel = self::bootKernel();
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$this->entityManager = $kernel->getContainer()
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->get('doctrine')
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->getManager();
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$this->orderService = $kernel->getContainer()
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->get(OrderService::class);
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}
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public function testCreateOrder(): void
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{
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// Create test product
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$product = new Product();
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$product->setName('Test Product');
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$product->setPrice(99.99);
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$product->setStock(10);
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$this->entityManager->persist($product);
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$this->entityManager->flush();
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// Create order
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$order = $this->orderService->createOrder([
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'product_id' => $product->getId(),
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'quantity' => 2,
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]);
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$this->assertInstanceOf(Order::class, $order);
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$this->assertEquals(199.98, $order->getTotal());
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$this->assertEquals(8, $product->getStock());
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}
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protected function tearDown(): void
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{
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parent::tearDown();
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$this->entityManager->close();
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$this->entityManager = null;
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}
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}
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```
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## Test Doubles & Mocking
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### Using Prophecy
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```php
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namespace App\Tests\Service;
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use App\Service\EmailService;
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use App\Service\NotificationService;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
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use Prophecy\PhpUnit\ProphecyTrait;
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class NotificationServiceTest extends TestCase
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{
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use ProphecyTrait;
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public function testSendNotification(): void
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{
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$emailService = $this->prophesize(EmailService::class);
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$emailService->send(
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'user@example.com',
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'Notification',
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'You have a new notification'
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)->shouldBeCalledOnce();
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$notificationService = new NotificationService($emailService->reveal());
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$notificationService->notify('user@example.com', 'You have a new notification');
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}
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}
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```
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|
||||
### Using PHPUnit Mock
|
||||
|
||||
```php
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namespace App\Tests\Repository;
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use App\Repository\ProductRepository;
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use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager;
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use Doctrine\ORM\Query;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
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|
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class ProductRepositoryTest extends TestCase
|
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{
|
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public function testFindActiveProducts(): void
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{
|
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$query = $this->createMock(Query::class);
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$query->expects($this->once())
|
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->method('getResult')
|
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->willReturn(['product1', 'product2']);
|
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|
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$qb = $this->getMockBuilder(\Doctrine\ORM\QueryBuilder::class)
|
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->disableOriginalConstructor()
|
||||
->getMock();
|
||||
|
||||
$qb->expects($this->once())
|
||||
->method('andWhere')
|
||||
->with('p.active = :active')
|
||||
->willReturnSelf();
|
||||
|
||||
$qb->expects($this->once())
|
||||
->method('setParameter')
|
||||
->with('active', true)
|
||||
->willReturnSelf();
|
||||
|
||||
$qb->expects($this->once())
|
||||
->method('getQuery')
|
||||
->willReturn($query);
|
||||
|
||||
$em = $this->createMock(EntityManager::class);
|
||||
$em->expects($this->once())
|
||||
->method('createQueryBuilder')
|
||||
->willReturn($qb);
|
||||
|
||||
$repository = new ProductRepository($em);
|
||||
$result = $repository->findActiveProducts();
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertCount(2, $result);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Test Data Fixtures
|
||||
|
||||
### Creating Fixtures
|
||||
|
||||
```php
|
||||
namespace App\DataFixtures;
|
||||
|
||||
use App\Entity\User;
|
||||
use App\Entity\Product;
|
||||
use Doctrine\Bundle\FixturesBundle\Fixture;
|
||||
use Doctrine\Persistence\ObjectManager;
|
||||
use Symfony\Component\PasswordHasher\Hasher\UserPasswordHasherInterface;
|
||||
|
||||
class AppFixtures extends Fixture
|
||||
{
|
||||
public const ADMIN_USER_REFERENCE = 'admin-user';
|
||||
|
||||
public function __construct(
|
||||
private UserPasswordHasherInterface $passwordHasher
|
||||
) {}
|
||||
|
||||
public function load(ObjectManager $manager): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Create admin user
|
||||
$admin = new User();
|
||||
$admin->setEmail('admin@example.com');
|
||||
$admin->setRoles(['ROLE_ADMIN']);
|
||||
$admin->setPassword(
|
||||
$this->passwordHasher->hashPassword($admin, 'password123')
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
$manager->persist($admin);
|
||||
$this->addReference(self::ADMIN_USER_REFERENCE, $admin);
|
||||
|
||||
// Create products
|
||||
for ($i = 1; $i <= 20; $i++) {
|
||||
$product = new Product();
|
||||
$product->setName('Product ' . $i);
|
||||
$product->setPrice(mt_rand(10, 200));
|
||||
$product->setDescription('Description for product ' . $i);
|
||||
$product->setStock(mt_rand(0, 100));
|
||||
|
||||
$manager->persist($product);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
$manager->flush();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Fixture Dependencies
|
||||
|
||||
```php
|
||||
namespace App\DataFixtures;
|
||||
|
||||
use Doctrine\Bundle\FixturesBundle\Fixture;
|
||||
use Doctrine\Common\DataFixtures\DependentFixtureInterface;
|
||||
|
||||
class OrderFixtures extends Fixture implements DependentFixtureInterface
|
||||
{
|
||||
public function load(ObjectManager $manager): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$user = $this->getReference(AppFixtures::ADMIN_USER_REFERENCE);
|
||||
|
||||
$order = new Order();
|
||||
$order->setUser($user);
|
||||
// ...
|
||||
|
||||
$manager->persist($order);
|
||||
$manager->flush();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function getDependencies(): array
|
||||
{
|
||||
return [
|
||||
AppFixtures::class,
|
||||
];
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Browser Testing with Panther
|
||||
|
||||
```php
|
||||
namespace App\Tests\E2E;
|
||||
|
||||
use Symfony\Component\Panther\PantherTestCase;
|
||||
|
||||
class E2ETest extends PantherTestCase
|
||||
{
|
||||
public function testHomePage(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createPantherClient();
|
||||
$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/');
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertSelectorTextContains('h1', 'Welcome');
|
||||
|
||||
// Take screenshot
|
||||
$client->takeScreenshot('tests/screenshots/homepage.png');
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function testJavaScriptInteraction(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createPantherClient();
|
||||
$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/interactive');
|
||||
|
||||
// Click button that triggers JavaScript
|
||||
$client->clickLink('Load More');
|
||||
|
||||
// Wait for AJAX content
|
||||
$client->waitFor('.loaded-content');
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertSelectorExists('.loaded-content');
|
||||
$this->assertSelectorTextContains('.loaded-content', 'Dynamic content');
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function testFormSubmission(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createPantherClient();
|
||||
$crawler = $client->request('GET', '/contact');
|
||||
|
||||
// Fill form
|
||||
$crawler->filter('#contact_name')->sendKeys('John Doe');
|
||||
$crawler->filter('#contact_email')->sendKeys('john@example.com');
|
||||
$crawler->filter('#contact_message')->sendKeys('Test message');
|
||||
|
||||
// Submit
|
||||
$crawler->filter('#contact_submit')->click();
|
||||
|
||||
// Wait for response
|
||||
$client->waitFor('.alert-success');
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertSelectorTextContains('.alert-success', 'Message sent successfully');
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Performance Testing
|
||||
|
||||
```php
|
||||
namespace App\Tests\Performance;
|
||||
|
||||
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;
|
||||
|
||||
class PerformanceTest extends WebTestCase
|
||||
{
|
||||
public function testPageLoadTime(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createClient();
|
||||
|
||||
$startTime = microtime(true);
|
||||
$client->request('GET', '/products');
|
||||
$endTime = microtime(true);
|
||||
|
||||
$loadTime = $endTime - $startTime;
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertLessThan(1, $loadTime, 'Page should load in less than 1 second');
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function testDatabaseQueryCount(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createClient();
|
||||
$client->enableProfiler();
|
||||
|
||||
$client->request('GET', '/products');
|
||||
|
||||
if ($profile = $client->getProfile()) {
|
||||
$collector = $profile->getCollector('db');
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertLessThan(10, $collector->getQueryCount(),
|
||||
'Page should execute less than 10 queries');
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function testMemoryUsage(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$client = static::createClient();
|
||||
$client->enableProfiler();
|
||||
|
||||
$client->request('GET', '/products');
|
||||
|
||||
if ($profile = $client->getProfile()) {
|
||||
$collector = $profile->getCollector('memory');
|
||||
|
||||
// Memory usage should be less than 50MB
|
||||
$this->assertLessThan(50 * 1024 * 1024, $collector->getMemory());
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Testing Commands
|
||||
|
||||
```php
|
||||
namespace App\Tests\Command;
|
||||
|
||||
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Console\Application;
|
||||
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase;
|
||||
use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;
|
||||
|
||||
class ImportCommandTest extends KernelTestCase
|
||||
{
|
||||
public function testExecute(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$kernel = static::createKernel();
|
||||
$application = new Application($kernel);
|
||||
|
||||
$command = $application->find('app:import-products');
|
||||
$commandTester = new CommandTester($command);
|
||||
|
||||
$commandTester->execute([
|
||||
'file' => 'tests/fixtures/products.csv',
|
||||
'--dry-run' => true,
|
||||
]);
|
||||
|
||||
$commandTester->assertCommandIsSuccessful();
|
||||
|
||||
$output = $commandTester->getDisplay();
|
||||
$this->assertStringContainsString('Import completed', $output);
|
||||
$this->assertStringContainsString('10 products imported', $output);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public function testExecuteWithInvalidFile(): void
|
||||
{
|
||||
$kernel = static::createKernel();
|
||||
$application = new Application($kernel);
|
||||
|
||||
$command = $application->find('app:import-products');
|
||||
$commandTester = new CommandTester($command);
|
||||
|
||||
$commandTester->execute([
|
||||
'file' => 'nonexistent.csv',
|
||||
]);
|
||||
|
||||
$this->assertEquals(1, $commandTester->getStatusCode());
|
||||
$this->assertStringContainsString('File not found', $commandTester->getDisplay());
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Code Coverage
|
||||
|
||||
### PHPUnit Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
```xml
|
||||
<!-- phpunit.xml.dist -->
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||||
<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
|
||||
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
|
||||
backupGlobals="false"
|
||||
colors="true"
|
||||
bootstrap="tests/bootstrap.php">
|
||||
|
||||
<php>
|
||||
<ini name="display_errors" value="1" />
|
||||
<ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
|
||||
<env name="APP_ENV" value="test" force="true" />
|
||||
<env name="SHELL_VERBOSITY" value="-1" />
|
||||
<env name="SYMFONY_PHPUNIT_REMOVE" value="" />
|
||||
<env name="SYMFONY_PHPUNIT_VERSION" value="9.5" />
|
||||
</php>
|
||||
|
||||
<testsuites>
|
||||
<testsuite name="Project Test Suite">
|
||||
<directory>tests</directory>
|
||||
</testsuite>
|
||||
</testsuites>
|
||||
|
||||
<coverage processUncoveredFiles="true">
|
||||
<include>
|
||||
<directory suffix=".php">src</directory>
|
||||
</include>
|
||||
<exclude>
|
||||
<directory>src/Kernel.php</directory>
|
||||
<directory>src/DataFixtures</directory>
|
||||
</exclude>
|
||||
</coverage>
|
||||
|
||||
<listeners>
|
||||
<listener class="Symfony\Bridge\PhpUnit\SymfonyTestsListener" />
|
||||
</listeners>
|
||||
</phpunit>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Running Tests with Coverage
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Generate HTML coverage report
|
||||
php bin/phpunit --coverage-html coverage
|
||||
|
||||
# Generate text coverage in console
|
||||
php bin/phpunit --coverage-text
|
||||
|
||||
# Generate Clover XML for CI
|
||||
php bin/phpunit --coverage-clover coverage.xml
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Test Best Practices
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Follow AAA pattern**: Arrange, Act, Assert
|
||||
2. **One assertion per test method** when possible
|
||||
3. **Use descriptive test names** that explain what is being tested
|
||||
4. **Test edge cases** and error conditions
|
||||
5. **Mock external dependencies** in unit tests
|
||||
6. **Use fixtures** for consistent test data
|
||||
7. **Keep tests independent** - each test should be able to run alone
|
||||
8. **Test public API only** - don't test private methods directly
|
||||
9. **Use data providers** for testing multiple scenarios
|
||||
10. **Write tests first** (TDD) for critical business logic
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user